The Skeletal System

Identify the subdivisions of the skeleton as axial or appendicular Objective 1 Identify the subdivisions of the skeleton as axial or appendicular

The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system Bones (skeleton) Joints – point of movement Cartilages – protection Ligaments – connect bone to bone Divided into two divisions Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton

The Axial Skeleton Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body Divided into three parts Skull

The Skull Figure 5.7

The Axial Skeleton Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body Divided into three parts Skull Vertebral column

The Vertebral Column Vertebrae separated by intervertebral discs The spine has a normal curvature Each vertebrae is given a name according to its location Figure 5.14

The Axial Skeleton Forms the longitudinal, central part of the body Divided into three parts Skull Vertebral column Bony thorax

The Bony Thorax Forms a cage to protect major organs Made-up of three parts Sternum Ribs Thoracic vertebrae Figure 5.19a

The Appendicular Skeleton Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones Pectoral girdle Clavicle, scapula

Bones of the Shoulder Girdle Figure 5.20a–b

The Appendicular Skeleton Limbs (appendages) – all arm and leg bones Pectoral girdle Clavicle, scapula Pelvic girdle Ilium, ishium, pubic bone

The Pelvis Figure 5.23a

List 5 functions of bones. Objective 2 List 5 functions of bones.

Functions of Bones Protection of soft organs (ribs/lungs & Heart, skull/brain) Support of the body (keeps us up) Movement due to attached skeletal muscles and levers (joints) Storage of minerals (calcium and phosphorus) and fats Blood cell formation …in the marrow (center) of long bones