Overview of Electromagnetics Research Weng Cho Chew Director, Center for Computational Electromagnetics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana, IL USA Dean’s Visit August 21, 2001

Faculty in the EM Area n Jennifer Bernhard –Wireless antennas n Andreas Cangellaris –EM for circuits n Weng Chew –CEM (computational EM), fast algorithms, inverse scattering n Shun-Lien Chuang –Optics, lasers n Jianming Jin –CEM, bioelectromagnetics, finite elements n Eric Michielssen –CEM, fast time-domain solvers, genetic algorithms n Jose Schutt-Aine –EM for circuits, computer clusters, computer visulization

Areas of Research n Computational electromagnetics n Fast algorithms n Inverse scattering and imaging n Genetic algorithms n Computer chip simulation n Antennas, reconfigurable antennas n Wireless communication n Bioelectromagnetics n Subsurface sensing, remote sensing n Radar cross section n Electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference n Optoelectronics and lasers n Computer visualization

IMPACT OF ELECTROMAGNETICS ELECTRO-MAGNETICS Biomedical Engineering & BioTech Wireless Comm. & Propagation Physics Based Signal Processing & Imaging Computer Chip Design & Circuits Lasers & Optoelectronics MEMS & Microwave Engineering RCS Analysis, Design, ATR & Stealth Technology Antenna Analysis & Design EMC/EMI Analysis Remote Sensing & Subsurface Sensing & NDE

VFY218 at 3 GHz (W. Chew) Bistatic RCS of VFY218 at 3 GHz 8 processors of SGI Origin 2000 # of Unknowns N = 2 millions FISC LUD CG Memory Matrix-fill LUD One-RHS (GB) (days) (years) (hrs) , , AZ

83 Camaro at 1 GHz by FISC (W. Chew) n Irradiation of a 83 Camaro at 1 GHz by a Hertzian dipole.

3D Layered Medium Problems - Numerical Results (W. Chew) n Underground Bunker f = 300MHz N = 100,314 6 level ML-FIPWA z x y

Luneburg Lens – Scattering (J. Jin)

Inlet Scattering (J. Jin) SimulationMeasurement > 2,000,000 unknowns

Corrugated Horn Antenna (J. Jin)

Corporate-Fed Antenna Array (J. Jin) Current distribution Radiation patterns

EM Interaction (J. Jin) Magnetic field SAR at 171 MHz

EM VFY218: Current distribution (snapshots in time) (E. Michielssen) ÊÊ.ÊÊ. ËË ËË ÌÌ ÌÌ ÍÍ ÍÍ

25 cm 5 cm 17.5 cm 10 cm 1 cm 20 cm 4.5 cm 6 cm x y z Broadband Analysis of Wave Interactions with Nonlinear Electronic Circuitry 0.5 cm 15 cm 1 cm y 500  Voltages on the varistors Voltage (kV) PWTD solvers permit analysis of wave broadband EMC/EMI phenomena, and the assessment of electronic upset and terrorism scenarios

PWTD solvers are used to fully characterize a MHz log- periodic monopole array mounted on a C-12 aircraft. The array serves in foilage penetration radar studies. Broadband Analysis of Antennas, Scattering, and Radiation Phenomena

Prof. Jennifer T. Bernhard, Electromagnetics Laboratory, UIUC Reconfigurable Antennas for Wireless Communication (Jennifer Bernhard) n Planar and microstrip antenna development –Reconfigurable in frequency, bandwidth, and/or radiation pattern –Linear and circular polarization –Patch, spiral, sinuous n For applications in: –Planar phased arrays and reflectarrays –Single element wireless communication implementations Courtesy NASA GRC

Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling of Mixed-Signal Systems (A. Cangellaris) n Objective n Establish a comprehensive modeling capability with electromagnetic accuracy and simulation efficiency necessary for virtual prototyping of multi-functional, mixed-signal, multi-GHz (digital/RF/microwave/opto - electronic) integrated systems n Impact  Global modeling and simulation environment that comprehends the temporal and spatial multi-scale features of mixed-signal, multi-GHz, integrated electronic subsystems and systems  Comprehensive electromagnetic modeling at the chip, package, board and system level  Enable a universal computer-aided design environment for multi-physics (electrical, optical, thermal, mechanical) modeling & simulation aimed at the virtual prototyping of tomorrow’s integrated systems “Modeling from dc to light!” A.C. Cangellaris’ Research Group: “Modeling from dc to light!”

n Specific Research Tasks a)Electromagnetic (EM) modeling of on- and off-chip electronic and optical interconnects b)EM modeling of passive digital/RF/microwave signal processing components (filters, couplers, power dividers, etc.) integrated in a 3-D substrate c)Comprehensive modeling of power distribution networks for mixed-signal systems d)Behavioral modeling of non-linear digital, analog/RF, and optical devices e)Methodologies for EM complexity abstraction and model order reduction that lead to compact and accurate macro-models for complex EM and opto-electronic devices and functional blocks f)Methodologies for the incorporation of EM macro-models in a universal, state space- based, non-linear simulation environment n Sponsors  DARPA (Automated Design Tools for Integrated Mixed-Signal Microsystems-NEOCAD)  Intel, Motorola, IBM, Texas Instruments, Semiconductor Research Corporation  NSF  Army Research Office (MURI Program on Quasi-Optical Power Combining Systems) Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling of Mixed-Signal Systems (A. Cangellaris) “Modeling from dc to light!” A.C. Cangellaris’ Research Group: “Modeling from dc to light!”

Optical Communication (S. Chuang) The exploding demand for Internet access, telecommunications, and broadband services has led to a push for greater lightwave transmission capacity. The exploding demand for Internet access, telecommunications, and broadband services has led to a push for greater lightwave transmission capacity. –Optical fiber networks now carry a large amount of voice and data traffic all over the world. Improving the high-speed performance of semiconductor lasers benefits the telecommunication industry and society. Improving the high-speed performance of semiconductor lasers benefits the telecommunication industry and society. TransmitterReceiver Laser Electrical data source Photodetector Electrical data recovered Fiber cable (Installed on land, under the ocean, and in the walls of buildings) Modulated optical signal Location 2 Location 1

Four-channel Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) integrated laser source (S. Chuang) n This device consists of four wavelength-tunable three-electrode DFB lasers which are coupled into a single waveguide, optical amplifier, and modulator. n Professor S. L. Chuang’s group conducts research on high-speed semiconductor optoelectronic devices, fiber optics, and optical transmission characteristics. Both theory and experiment are researched. Distributed-feedback lasers Electroabsorption modulator s-bends Star coupler Optical amplifier