International Energy Agency IEA Jens Laustsen Policy Analyst for Efficiency in Buildings From Kyoto to Copenhagen – From Energy Waste to Clean Energy use in Buildings Cutting down energy consumption in buildings Towards a factor 4 policy for buildings 10 October 2009 Copenhagen © OECD/IEA, 2009

Key messages  Energy efficiency is a critical part of a sustainable energy future  Buildings energy use can be reduced dramatically alone with existing solutions  A reduction to ¼ of BAU in 2050 is rational and economic reasonable (Factor 4)  IEA 25 recommendations provide direction – high emphasis on buildings  W.I.N = World-wide Implementation Now © OECD/IEA, 2009

Energy efficiency – critical part of sustainable energy future Buildings: Can deliver larges reductions in CO2 emissions at low costs

© OECD/IEA Reductions in energy-related CO 2 emissions in the climate-policy scenarios While technological progress is needed to achieve some emissions reductions, efficiency gains and deployment of existing low-carbon energy account for most of the savings Gigatonnes Reference Scenario550 Policy Scenario450 Policy Scenario CCS Renewables & biofuels Nuclear Energy efficiency 550 Policy Scenario 450 Policy Scenario 54% 23% 14% 9% 77 % of the solution ! Energy Efficiency in buildings is a central part of this © OECD/IEA, 2009

Energy efficiency in buildings is climate change abatement at low costs Why ? - They are feasible on long term !  Many recent studies shows exactly the same trends !  But maybe we don’t take these initiatives far enough ! How far can we take energy efficiency in buildings at rational costs ? Examples from ongoing IEA study ! © OECD/IEA, 2009 Buildings IEA: Energy technology perspective 2008 McKenzie institute: Climate reports Buildings Renewable Energy

Energy use in Buildings From Waste of Energy to Clean Energy

Frankfurt/M Germany Sophienhof FAAG/ABG Frankfurt Architect Fuessler Blocks of Flats 160 dwellings m² Passive House Technology 15 kwh / m² per year Extra costs = 3-5% of the total costs Payback = 9 – 10 years Can we afford this ? © OECD/IEA, 2009

Zero Carbon / Zero Energy Is this possible ? BedZet, London, UK Solar Siedlung Vauban Freiburg, Germany The way to Zero Energy Buildings in US, DOE Development of UK Buildings Codes 2019 Zero CarbonPlus Energy © OECD/IEA, 2009

Building Codes Towards Zero kWh per m² per year Zero energy in 2030 ? Plus energy 2040 ? How does this become mainstream ? Decision in Parliament 2008 © OECD/IEA, 2009 Setting zero targets 2025 / 30 California Energy Commission

Package for existing Buildings Frankfurt Refurbishment using Passive House Technology 87% All existing buildings need to be refurbished in next years Factor 10 © OECD/IEA, 2009 Source: Passivehouse Institute / DENA

Better than new ! Source: DENA Besser als ein Neubau © OECD/IEA, 2009 Very Best practice Renovation in Germany Germany Demands refurbishment Demands new Minus 30 % Minus 50 % Factor 10

Very Best practice Renovation in Germany Factor 10 Better than new ! Source: DENA Besser als ein Neubau High-rise: Changing the View IEA / EuroAce 2006 St. Petersburg, Russia © OECD/IEA, 2009 Very Best practice Renovation in Germany Germany Demands refurbishment Demands new Minus 30 % Minus 50 % Factor kWh/m² - 91 % 28 kWh/m² - 88 % 22 kWh/m² - 89 % 21 kWh/m² - 96 % 44 kWh/m² - 83 % 35 kWh/m² - 90 % Examples also in Austria, Sweden, Hungary, Switzerland, ………

Demands for products Mandatory solar systems – Israel, Spain, Portugal Minimum efficiency for products - labelling © OECD/IEA, 2009 Florida Solar initiative

Cut Energy Waste Going new ways – or finding old solutions

Cut energy waste in buildings ! © OECD/IEA, 2009 There is a large potential: We have to go new ways Use control systems and new solutions But we also need to look at history / tradition Training of architects, engineers, installers, constructors is essential Energy efficiency needs to be at the front page ! An example !

Generic Architecture Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo © OECD/IEA, 2009 Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University No windows ! Windows

Generic Architecture Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo © OECD/IEA, 2009 Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University

But using sunlight ! Generic Architecture Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo Old solutions – generic architecture used in new ways Source Proffessor Ahmed Abdin, Cairo Technical University Protected against the sun ! © OECD/IEA, 2009

What if we do all this at the same time ? IEA study in progress

Modelling on energy efficient buildings Development in the 9 regions © OECD/IEA, 2009

Study on Energy Efficient Buildings If very best practice examples and policies were implemented globally and fast:  Energy use for buildings (heating, cooling, ventilation and hot water) could be reduced far beyond 50 %.  75 % reduction compared to business as usual would probably both be possible and rational.  Book to document this will be out early  Such and implementation of energy efficiency in buildings would have massive impact on: Security of supply, CO2 emissions, Global health, Investments in supply sector, Would crate millions of new jobs.  Increased research and deployment can increase this potential. © OECD/IEA, 2009

25 energy efficiency policy recommendations across 7 priority areas 1. Across sectors 1.1Measures for increasing investment in energy efficiency; 1.2National energy efficiency strategies and goals; 1.3Compliance, monitoring, enforcement and evaluation of energy efficiency measures; 1.4Energy efficiency indicators; 1.5Monitoring and reporting progress with the IEA energy efficiency recommendations themselves. 2. Buildings 2.1Building codes for new buildings; 2.2Passive Energy Houses and Zero Energy Buildings; 2.3Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in existing buildings; 2.4Building certification schemes; 2.5Energy efficiency improvements in glazed areas. 3. Appliances 3.1Mandatory energy performance requirements or labels; 3.2Low-power modes, including standby power, for electronic and networked equipment; 3.3Televisions and “set-top” boxes; 3.4Energy performance test standards and measurement protocols. 4. Lighting 4.1 Best practice lighting and the phase-out of incandescent bulbs; 4.2 Ensuring least-cost lighting in non- residential buildings and the phase-out of inefficient fuel-based lighting. 5. Transport 5.1 Fuel-efficient tyres; 5.2 Mandatory fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles; 5.3 Fuel economy of heavy-duty vehicles; 5.4 Eco-driving. 6. Industry 6.1Collection of high quality energy efficiency data for industry; 6.2Energy performance of electric motors; 6.3Assistance in developing energy management capability; 6.4Policy packages to promote energy efficiency in small and medium-sized enterprises. 7. Utilities 7.1Utility end-use energy efficiency schemes. © OECD/IEA, 2009

Conclusions Energy efficiency in buildings is www: Consumers win because they get lower fuel cost and lower total costs over time, increased comfort. Business win because it creates activity and new jobs locally. Governments win because it implements climate policy goals, improves security of supply, improves economy and health. Potential is enormous. Can contribute substantial to climate abatement policies. A reduction with factor 3 or 4 is possible alone with known solutions. Policies exist but need larger scope and global implementation. Many barriers to overcome. EE in buildings is cost efficient and it will save large investments and costs in supply. EE in buildings will have many additional benefits: health, security of supply, creation of employment. Start with the 25 existing IEA recommendations - already endorsed by the G8 and large developing countries. We need W.I.N © OECD/IEA, 2009 Much more can be done – both in new and existing buildings

Thank you For more information buildings and recommendations: Contact: