LYCOPENE EXTRACTION FROM TOMATOES ANA ÁLVAREZ MARTÍN LAURA HERNANDEZ SALAMANQUES
CONTENT Introduction Extraction using a solvent Supercritical extraction Extraction assisted by enzyme
LYCOPENE Type of carotenoid Aditive, colorant and antioxidant Tomato pomace Ripe tomatoes
CONTENT Introduction Extraction using a solvent Supercritical extraction Extraction assisted by enzyme
EXTRACTION USING A SOLVENT Fat-soluble: extracted with organic solvents Raw material: tomato waste skin Solvent: hexane:acetone:alcohol (2:1:1) + BHT. Variables
EXTRACTION USING A SOLVENT VARIABLES Number of extraction Solvent/meal ratio Particle size
EXTRACTION USING A SOLVENT VARIABLES Temperature Number of extractions Particle size Number of extractions
EXTRACTION USING A SOLVENT VARIABLES Extraction time Number of extractions
EXTRACTION USING A SOLVENT OPTIMUS CONDITIONS solvent/meal: 30:1 v/w 4 extractions 50 °C particle size 0.15 mm extraction time 8 min. Lycopene yield: 1.99 mg/100 g
CONTENT Introduction Extraction using a solvent Supercritical extraction Extraction assisted by enzyme
SUPERCRITICAL Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) – Tc, Pc solvent – CO 2 : low critical temperature, not toxic, not flammable, low cost, high purity
SUPERCRITICAL Semi-continuos process Equipment: an extractor, a back pressure regulator, a chiller, a high pump for CO 2, collection vials and a wet gas meter. Optimization: tomato seed oil (co-solvent)
SUPERCRITICAL Constant flow rate:
SUPERCRITICAL Constant pressure:
SUPERCRITICAL Constant temperature:
SUPERCRITICAL OTHER FACTORS: – Rising method – Tomato peel to seed ratio – Particle size – Degradation lycopene
CONTENT Introduction Extraction using a solvent Supercritical extraction Extraction assisted by enzyme
EXTRACTION ASSISTED BY ENZYME Improve lycopene extraction Response surface methodology (RSM) Chemicals: – Acetona, ethanol, hexane – BHT Enzimes: – Peclyve PR – Cellulyve 50LC
EXTRACTION ASSISTED BY ENZYME Optimal conditions: – T=30ºC – Extraction time=3.18h – Enzyme load=0.16kg/kg – Enzyme preparation= 50:50 Pec-Cel