Investigating the Cause of the Fish Kill

Focus: Water as a solvent How are solutions described? How do solutions behave? What are the possibilities?

C.1 Solubility of Solids in H2O In a solution, the solvent is the dissolving agent and the solute is the dissolved substance -solvent is doing the dissolving -solute is being dissolved

C.1 Solubility of Solids in H2O Kool-aid in water Salt in water Sugar in water GASES Carbon Dioxide in water (carbonated) Dissolved Oxygen in water (DO) LIQUIDS Food coloring Vinegar Ethanol

C.1 Solubility of Solids in H2O The maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve in a specific amount of water is called solubility.

C.1 Solubility of Solids in H2O How much salt will dissolve in 100 g of water at room temperature? Solubility of NaCl can be expressed in a solubility curve (graph). ~40g of salt dissolves in 100ml of water at 22°C ~200g of sugar dissolves in 100ml of water at 22°C

How much potassium nitrate dissolves in 100g of water at 50°C? How much potassium nitrate would recrystallize if the solution cooled from 50 to 10°C? Which substance is more soluble at 0°C, 20°C, 70°C, 100°C? For which substances does solubility decrease as temperature increases? At what temperature will 50g of NH4Cl reach saturation?

C.1 Solubility of Solids in H2O Saturated solution: The solvent contains as much dissolved solute as it can possibly hold at that temperature Unsaturated solution: The solvent contains less than the solubility at that temperature. Supersaturated: The solvent contains more than the solubility at that temperature. *Be able to describe solutions on graph using these terms.