Project Greener Findings

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Agenda 1.Introduction Project Carbon Objectives 2.Fuel Additives The Problem The Solutions The Product 3.NAF-TECH Benchmark Tests 4.NAF-TECH Test Results 5.Illustrated benefit for Green Holdings OPCO’s 6.Practical implications and logistics 7.Future Project Greener initiatives

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Introduction Worldwide drive for Green Technologies A lot of research into new technologies and alternative energy sources are conducted, worldwide Large investment into new hardware and deployments required Long term solution for the environment The Reality Check Large deployment of diesel generators in existing operations Huge operational expenses Diesel Service and maintenance End-of-life replacements Environmentally unfriendly, leaving large carbon footprint

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Introduction (cont) For Diesel generators, a short term solution is needed to reduce: carbon footprint operational expenses Project Greener- Green Holdings R&D (2009) Research into technologies to reduce carbon footprint and OPEX

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Project Greener Objectives Two types of products available Fuel Additives Chemicals to alter composition of fuel Little/no scientific proof of savings Relatively easy and quick to deploy (big-bang approach) Examples: NAF-TECH Mechanical Products Most products improve engine oil quality Better oil, less friction, better engine efficiencies More complicated to deploy (phased-in approach) Project Greener Cycle 1 Researched and tested Fuel Additives to determine benefits for Green Holdings operations

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Fuel Additives – The Problem Inefficiencies of the Diesel internal combustion cycle Only 25%-30% of all the potential chemical energy of the fuel gets converted into kinetic energy due to losses Into thermal energy and the cooling system Caused by friction of mechanical parts inside the engine Incomplete burn phase Incomplete burn phase Normal engines only achieve 70%-80% efficiency Fuel is injected under pressure to form a fine mist (droplets) Only vaporised fuel from the droplet surface burns Diesel combustion stops when temperature and pressure drops Larger droplets do not vaporise fast enough to complete burn Unburned fuel is expelled through the exhaust and into engine parts

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Fuel Additives – The Solution Improve the burn efficiency of Diesel Increase octane level of the fuel Results in a more vicious chemical reaction and combustion not only during the optimal combustion cycle Can damage engine because of increased pressure and heat Altered chemical composition of fuel can increase noxious gasses in exhaust emissions Increase vaporisation of injected fuel Better vaporisation results in more combustion during the combustion cycle More chemical energy converted into kinetic energy Less unburned fuel and particulates in emissions

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Fuel Additives – The Product NAF-TECH improves vaporisation of injected fuel resulting in a more efficient and complete combustion phase Surface tension and low viscosity of Diesel These two factors are the main factors driving the size of droplets in the injected mist NAF-TECH chemically breaks down the surface tension Carbon solvent and 100% soluble in all carbon fossil fuels Chemically “rearrange” polymers into thinner bonded networks 2ml / litre Diesel mix ratio No chemical solids

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Fuel Additives – The Product (cont) NAF-TECH Claims

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. NAF-TECH Benchmark Tests Besides the added benefits and claims the 1 st priority was to verify NAF-TECH’s core claim about fuel consumption. Design test procedures to repeatedly test claim Independent tests conducted on generator sets Diesel Electric Services, Aer-o-Cure Result analysis and compile findings

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. NAF-TECH Test Results Results from Diesel Electric Services Test conducted on a generator set with a traditional turbo charged engine

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Illustrated benefit for Green Holdings Operations Based on Green Delta 2008 operational and financial figures Conservative fuel consumption improvement assumption of 15%

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Practical implications and logistics NAF-TECH Application and deployment Non-delivery does not affect generator availability On-site application not practical due to logistics Best solution is to introduce NAF-TECH in the Diesel supply chain Local supplier(s) apply/mix NAF-TECH before delivery Logistically can still be challenging Supplier can/will charge extra NAF-TECH needs to be produced in country Import Diesel pre-mixed with NAF-TECH Cost of NAF-TECH included in Diesel price Precise control over mix ratio International Diesel distributor already identified Politically can be challenging

© 2010 Naf-Tech. All rights reserved. Future Project Greener initiatives With approval, its recommended to continue research and testing into Mechanical/Oil based products Other Fuel Additive products Determine/verify NAF-TECH long term and emission benefit claims Emission claims can hold huge carbon credit implications Emission testing is very expensive Long term benefits regarding maintenance and replacement

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