Theory of planned behavior Steven Brantley 9 October 2014 H 571 – Principals of Health Behavior

Theory of Reasoned Action Basis for the Theory of Planned Behavior Attitude Belief and evaluation of the behavior Subjective norms Opinions of others and motivation to comply

Theory of Planned Behavior

Perceived Behavioral Control Objective realities interpreted by individuals External factors “Will and skill” Varies greatly between people Can be vastly different than reality Perceived Behavioral Control can greatly outweigh the other two constructs

Control Beliefs Can I affect the outcome in question? Facilitating and inhibiting factors Beliefs ≠ Reality

Perceived Power Strength of each facilitating or inhibiting factor Example A man trying to quit smoking Support from his wife and knowledge of the detriments of smoking fulfill the TRA However the strength of his addiction and cost of smoking cessation are inhibiting factors with immense perceived power

Theory of Planned Behavior Example An alcoholic is considering quitting drinking Known negative health outcomes Behavioral belief and personal evaluation of outcomes Positive pressure to quit from spouse and some friends, negative pressure from co-workers and other friends Normative beliefs, hold different weight Resources to quit are readily available, and they are motivated despite the addiction External and internal perceived control factors

So where does this theory fit in the TTI?

THE THEORY OF TRIADIC INFLUENCE Distal Influences Proximal Predictors Levels of Causation Ultimate Causes Social/ Personal Nexus Expectancies & Evaluations Affect and Cognitions Decisions Experiences Intrapersonal Stream Social/Normative Stream Cultural/Attitudinal Stream Biological/Nature Nurture/Cultural BIOLOGY/ PERSONALITY SOCIAL SITUATION CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT Values/ Evaluations Knowledge/ Expectancies Perceived Norms Information/ Opportunities Interpersonal Bonding Social Competence Interactions w/ Social Instit’s Others’ Beh & Atts Motivation to Comply Skills: Social+General Sense of Self/Control Self Determination 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 l 4 5 6 SELF-EFFICACY BEHAVIORAL CONTROL SOCIAL NORMATIVE BELIEFS ATTITUDES TOWARD THE BEHAVIOR 19 20 21 22 23 DECISIONS/INTENTIONS Trial Behavior EXPERIENCES: Expectancies -- Social Reinforcements -- Psychological/Physiological Related Behaviors J K

THE THEORY OF TRIADIC INFLUENCE Distal Influences Proximal Predictors Levels of Causation Ultimate Causes Social/ Personal Nexus Expectancies & Evaluations Affect and Cognitions Decisions Experiences Intrapersonal Stream Social/Normative Stream Cultural/Attitudinal Stream Biological/Nature Nurture/Cultural BIOLOGY/ PERSONALITY SOCIAL SITUATION CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT Values/ Evaluations Knowledge/ Expectancies Perceived Norms Information/ Opportunities Interpersonal Bonding Social Competence Interactions w/ Social Instit’s Others’ Beh & Atts Motivation to Comply Skills: Social+General Sense of Self/Control Self Determination 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 l 4 5 6 SELF-EFFICACY BEHAVIORAL CONTROL SOCIAL NORMATIVE BELIEFS ATTITUDES TOWARD THE BEHAVIOR 19 20 21 22 23 DECISIONS/INTENTIONS Trial Behavior EXPERIENCES: Expectancies -- Social Reinforcements -- Psychological/Physiological Related Behaviors J K

Prenatal Drug Use Example Attitude Towards Behavior Subjective Norms Perceived Behavioral Control

Prenatal Drug Use Example Attitude Towards Behavior Known negative health outcomes Don’t care because of strong addiction, altered neural pathways Subjective Norms Perceived Behavioral Control

Prenatal Drug Use Example Attitude Towards Behavior Known negative health outcomes Don’t care because of strong addiction, altered neural pathways Subjective Norms Stigmatized, but common in the population Families are often users too, no pressure to comply Perceived Behavioral Control

Prenatal Drug Use Example Attitude Towards Behavior Known negative health outcomes Don’t care because of strong addiction, altered neural pathways Subjective Norms Stigmatized, but common in the population Families are often users too, no pressure to comply Perceived Behavioral Control Difficult to enroll in treatment Effective live-in programs are very expensive Addiction magnifies these inhibitors

Information, Motivation, Skill Model Similar to the Theory of Planned Behavior Information What do I know (like belief/evaluation for attitude) Motivation Do I want to make a change (like attitude and subjective norms) Skill Am I capable of making change (like perceived behavioral control)

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