Tetra Pak Taiwan Ltd 4, Wen Ming 3rd Street, Lin Kou Ind. Park 3, Taoyuan 333

Tetra Pak in Taiwan 1970s－ 1972 Hsin Tai Husbandry & Veterinary Co., Ltd authorised as an agent for Tetra Pak in the Taiwan market. 1974 Uni-president and Chin Chin became Tetra Pak’s business partners. Tetra Pak started to offer packaging services for juice and soybean products for the two giant food companies 1976 Wei-Chuan became Tetra Pak’s third client in the Taiwan market 1977 The Technical Service Department was established in Taiwan. Standard Food became Tetra Pak’s client

Tetra Pak in Taiwan 1980s－ 1980 Tetra Pak Taiwan was officially established to better serve the food industry and consumers in Taiwan 1982 Chou Chin became Tetra Pak’s client 1983 Kuang Chuan became a client. The Tetra King system was launched for the packaging of milk and other products 1985 Construction of a Tetra Pak factory started at Linkou, Taiwan 1987 Tetra Pak Taiwan moved to Linkou 1989 Dr. Hans Rausing came to Taiwan for a completion ceremony at the new manufacturing plant in Linkou. Annual sales of Tetra Pak packages in Taiwan exceeded 1 billion packs

Tetra Pak in Taiwan 1990s－ 1990 The installation of Tetra Pak’s 100th filling machine in Taiwan was completed. Tetra Top system was launched in Taiwan 1992 Annual sales of Tetra Pak packages in Taiwan market exceeded 2 billion packs 1993 Tetra Rex was launched in Taiwan. After Tetra Pak’s acquisition of Alfa-Laval, the company was renamed Tetra Laval 1995 Tetra Pak Taiwan earned ISO 9002 certification thanks to its modern quality control system 1997 Tetra Pak Taiwan earned ISO 14001 certification for its quality control 1999 Tetra Laval Taiwan Ltd. was renamed Tetra Pak Taiwan Ltd.

Tetra Pak in Taiwan 2000s－ 2000 The World Class Manufacturing (WCM) program was introduced in an effort to create world-class factories 2001 A new Tetra Top TT/3 system was installed in Taiwan 2002 Tetra Pak celebrated its 50th anniversary 2003 “Flatten and Recycle Beverage Cartons for a Better Environment” Campaign was launched to promote the simple gesture that can create a better environment 2004 Tetra Pak campaign continued to call for attention and action to flatten and recycle cartons for environmental protection

Tetra Pak in Taiwan 2000s－ 2005 TV hosts, Kevin Tsai and Little S, became spokes people for the promotional campaign “Tetra Pak, Protects What’s Good”, aiming to make food safe and available every where 2006 Tetra Pak headquarters and WWF Sweden signed a three-year cooperation agreement. Tetra Pak Taiwan launched its “Do Our Earth A Favour” campaign on Earth Day to bring consumers’ awareness to the issues of climate change 2007 Tetra Pak Taiwan launched its second-year campaign “Do Our Earth A Favour”on Earth Day and extended it to World Environment Day to invite consumers to plant trees online. For each tree planted in its site, Tetra Pak Taiwan donated money to TRAFFIC, a non-profit organization to help conserve the natural resources on earth

Vision We commit to making food safe and available, everywhere. Mission We work for and with our customers to provide preferred processing and packaging solutions for food. We apply our commitment to innovation, our understanding of consumer needs and our relationships with suppliers to deliver these solutions, wherever and whenever food is consumed. We believe in responsible industry leadership, creating profitable growth in harmony with environmental sustainability and good corporate citizenship.

Product Aseptic Products Aseptic Process and Packaging Tetra Pak Aseptic Packaging The Tetra Pak Ambient Product Portfolio - Tetra Brik® Aseptic - Tetra Prisma® Aseptic

Product Chilled Products Tetra Rex® Tetra Top® Tetra Recart®

Service

Environment Policy We are committed to environmental sustainability. We consider environmental management a top priority and have established procedures, programs and practices for conducting our operations in an environmentally sound manner.

Physical and mechanical properties of cardboard panels made from used beverage carton with veneer overlay Ayrilmis, N. ; Candan, Z. ; Hiziroglu, S. 2008. 29, 1897–1903 Student : Rattaphong Pokkaew (李平) Student ID : 0970456 Department of Food Science

Outline 1. Introduction 2. The objective 3. Methods 4. Results 5. Conclusion

Introduction

Fig. 1 The amount of beverage carton were recycled in 2006

Introduction In recent years, environmental problems and recycling issues are being discussed Recovering waste material from used beverage cartons (UBC) to manufacture a value-added product with an economical and efficient method is an important issue from the perspective of environmental pollution UBC can be recycled using a thermal compression process to manufacture home and building products

Fig. 2 The dominating structure of aseptic beverage cartons Polyethylene: barrier to moisture, bacteria Paperboard: for stiffness Polyethylene: adhesion layer Aluminum: barrier to oxygen, light Polyethylene: seals in liquid food contents Fig. 2 The dominating structure of aseptic beverage cartons

Introduction Aseptic beverage cartons can be used to repulping for paper applications Aseptic beverage cartons can be used to process converts shredded cartons into thermally compressed to make a high strength bio-composite panel alternative to traditional wood based panels such as: Developed by Tetra Pak® Particleboard Medium density fiberboard (MDF) Oriented strandboard (OSB)

Yekpan® UBC is produced in Turkey Yekpan® is composed of 70–90% paper 10–25% low density polyethylene (LDPE) UBC cartons collected from consumers are shredded and then molded together under high temperature and pressure as illustrated in Fig. 2 The process uses the whole waste package without leaving any waste.

Fig. 3 A cardboard sample

Yekpan® Process UBC cartons are shredded into 5 mm particles In this process, there is no need addition of an adhesive element Particles formed in a layer to get a desired thickness The mat was compressed under pressure and heat in a hot press

Yekpan® Advantage of UBC carton raw material Panels made from recycled cardboard does not only have any formaldehyde but also have very low resin amount reducing overall production cost Panels have certain content polyethylene which does not contain any formaldehyde Panels manufactured from recycled materials would be considered as an alternative solution to forest resources problem

The objective The objective of this work was to evaluate some properties of the cardboard substrate with wood veneer sheets as an alternative product to wood based panel substrates such as : Particle board Medium density fiber board Oriented strand board Determining of water resistance and mechanical properties of cardboard panels overlaid with wood veneer sheets using various adhesives

The objective Determining of glueline strength (delamination test) between veneer sheet and cardboard substrate Determining of the adhesive type having the best glueline strength among experimental adhesives was also aimed

a recycling institution Materials and methods A cardboard sample Cardboard panels were manufactured at Yekas Recycling Company, a recycling institution acquired to Turkey by Tetra Pak®, Izmir, Turkey

Materials and methods The cardboard with beech veneer sheets sample Top Edge Fig. 4 Cardboard specimens overlaid with beech veneer sheets

Determination of physical and mechanical properties of the overlaid panels The measure of surface The measure of elasticity Screw withdrawal resistance (Face) Modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity GBS strength between veneer and cardboard surface The measure of hardness Glueline bond strength Janka hardness

Results

Table 1 Properties of adhesives used for panels manufacture Adhesive type Solids content Specific gravity pH Gel time Viscosity between cardboard (%) (g/cm3) (20 C) (100 C) (20 C) and veneer sheet (s) (cps) Polyurethane (PU) (A) 100 1.400 – – 37,000 (B) 100 1.150 – – 190 Urea–formaldehyde (UF) 65 1.280 8.25 37.0 450 Phenol–formaldehyde (PF) 47 1.195 11.75 15.0 250–500 Melamine/urea 65 1.275 8.75 62.5 200–250 formaldehyde (MUF)

Table 2 Average values of physical and mechanical tests of cardboards produced with veneers using various types of adhesives

Adhesive types Glueline bond strength (N/mm2) Polyurethane Phenol– formaldehyde Melamine/urea formaldehyde Urea–formaldehyde Adhesive types Fig. 5 Mean glueline bond strength values and standard deviation of the cardboard specimens with veneer sheet using four types of adhesives.

Discussion Physical properties Cardboard panels polyurethane plays an important role to have a good contact between the particles. Polyurethane melts during the press of the panel creating a very strong bonding between particles which enhance thickness swelling of the products. Moreover small aluminum content in the particles is also acting moisture barrier and contributes better dimensional stability of the samples. When melamine adhesives are blended with UF adhesive, they enhance the moisture-resistance properties of the UF adhesive All overlaid cardboard specimens showed higher thickness swelling as compared to those of the cardboard specimens without wood veneers

Discussion Mechanical properties The 20% polyethylene in the cardboard process, polyethylene brings about some elasticity in coverless cardboard more than wood based panels such as particleboard, MDF, and OSB panels Cardboard samples overlaid using PU adhesive resulted the highest bending strength characteristics among the other samples. Two-component PU adhesive can be formulated for rigidity, depending on the degree of structural loading required PU adhesive exhibits excellent joint strength The weak adhesion between the cardboard and veneer because of the inorganic materials such as aluminum particles and polyethylene in the used beverage carton. This could be due to the high reactivity of isocyanates with the inorganic materials of cardboard

Discussion Mechanical properties Cardboards with veneer sheets using two component PU adhesive can be used in building construction and furniture industry as an alternative products Apolar aluminum particles on the surface of cardboard and polar structure of veneer resulted in an excellent performance when polyurethane resin was used as a binder. Surface bonding strength of the samples overlaid with UF, MUF and PF adhesive was not as high as those of glued using PU adhesive due to non-porous structure of aluminum Cardboard panels overlaid with veneer sheets using PU and PF adhesive should be suitable for exterior applications Kraft paper used for manufacture of the cardboard samples caused higher compaction than that of particleboard and MDF, aluminum content on the raw material also enhanced the properties of the final product

Conclusion

Conclusion Raw material from recycled cardboard was used for manufacture of composite panels. Both physical and mechanical properties of the samples resulted in satisfactory values meeting minimum requirements stated in EN 312 type 3 for particleboard, EN 622-5 for MDF, and EN 300 Type 3 for OSB. Wood veneer faced cardboards had significantly higher mechanical and physical properties than those of the wood veneer faced particleboards. This is due to tighter profile structure and higher density of cardboard panels Panels made from recycled cardboard does not only have any formaldehyde but also have very low resin content reducing overall production cost. Such panels have certain amount polyethylene which does not contain any formaldehyde. Cardboard panels could be used as an alternative substrate for furniture production due to its formaldehyde free formation. Panels made from recycled cardboard have lower production cost than those of wood based panels since raw material for cardboard panel manufacture is widely available and has low cost as compared wood raw material

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