MADRID ARANJUEZ ESPAÑA ENDANGERED PLANTS AND ANIMALS ENDANGERED PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1.- BARBO COMIZAScientific name: Barbus comiza Steindachnes Although Iberian barbel measures about 40 cm, it can grow to over 50 cm. It has a big head with a prominent snout. It shows two pairs of chains at the bottom of its mouth and a lateral line made up with scales. Barbus comiza is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. It inhabits in a small quantity in Madrid in the slow- moving middle and lower parts of the rivers Tajo and Jarama. Its main threats are industrial pollution, draining of rivers, presence of exotic species and rivers canalization.

2.- GALÁPAGO LEPROSOScientific Name: Mauremys caspica Schweigger The Spanish pond turtle is about cm long and has some yellow lines along the tail, legs and neck. Its loin is brown- greenish and sometimes some red tonalities. The abdomen is yellow with some black stains. The young individuals have an orange stain on both sides of their head. Although it is a spice in decline, there are many creatures in the rivers, swamps and reservoirs in Madrid area. Draining of wet areas, using them like pets and rivalry with other spices are the most serious threats for this kind of turtles.

3.- ÁGUILA IMPERIAL IBÉRICAScientific name: Aquila adalberti C.L. Brehm It measures cm. Adults have dune, very dark plumage with white patches. The tail is squared. The younger babies are clearer than adults. The number of eagles in Madrid is increasing in the last few years in Madrid area. The main risks for this kind of birds are illegal hunting, poisoning, pesticides… It measures cm. Adults have dune, very dark plumage with white patches. The tail is squared. The younger babies are clearer than adults. The number of eagles in Madrid is increasing in the last few years in Madrid area. The main risks for this kind of birds are illegal hunting, poisoning, pesticides…

4.- CIGÜEÑA COMÚNScientific name: Ciconia ciconia Linnaeus It is 101 cm long, unmistakable because of its big size, long legs and beak. In 1992 it was guessed that there are about 491 breeding couples in Madrid area. But in 2003 there were about 1200 couples.

5.- GATO MONTÉSScientific name: Felis sylvestris Schreber Its body can be from mm long for males to for females. It is quite similar to domestic cats, but stronger and higher. Some special characteristics are their orange eyes, five fingers in the front legs and four fingers in the hindquarters. Its fur is grey or dune. The main threat is the illegal hunting.

6.- GRAN PAVÓN DE NOCHEScientific name: Saturnia pyri Denis et Schiffermüller It is considered the biggest night butterfly in Europe. Adults can measure 130 mm. It only flies in the sunset from April to June. The predominant colour is brown. Males have their ants much bigger than females. The population is decreasing over all in the South of Madrid. The main threat is pesticides. It is considered the biggest night butterfly in Europe. Adults can measure 130 mm. It only flies in the sunset from April to June. The predominant colour is brown. Males have their ants much bigger than females. The population is decreasing over all in the South of Madrid. The main threat is pesticides.

7.- NIÑA DEL ASTRÁGALOScientific name: Plebejus pylaon Fisher de Waldheim Small butterfly that measures mm. They fly on May and June. Males have their wings in clear blue with some red dots. Females have their wings in brown colour. The head is black, brilliant and retractable. In Madrid area we can find this kind of butterflies in Aranjuez, Campo Real and San Martin de la Vega.

8.- CIPRÉS DE LA REAL CASA DEL LABRADORScientific name: Cupressus sempervirens This tree can reach up with meters high. The trunk is straight with grey bark. The trunk perimeter is about 3, 05 meters long. Its age has been guessed 200 years old This tree can reach up with meters high. The trunk is straight with grey bark. The trunk perimeter is about 3, 05 meters long. Its age has been guessed 200 years old

9.- MAGNOLIO DE LOS JARDINES DE LA ISLAScientific name: Magnolia grandiflora It has a crown consisted of two big branches. Its leaves are big, shiny, cm long and elliptical shape with green colour. The isolated flowers are big with 16 petals, with cm diameter in white colour. It has been guessed the age of 100 years old.

10.- EL PLÁTANO PADREScientific name: Platanus x hispanica It is a very high tree with a trunk that can be 13 m high. Its height can become 42 meters and the trunk perimeter 6,40 meters. It has been calculated that it is 225 years old.