Elementary Science Countdown to the TAKS Earth Science Part 1 – Land By Annette Venegas Created in cooperation with Education Science Specialists, Region 20 Modified by: C. Horejsi 5 th Grade Science Winston Elementary

Earth Science earth’s physical features, how they form, and how they change over time.

Highlights of Earth Science –Earth’s structures & materials –Earth processes –The past vs. the present –Systems and cycles that help shape the surface of the earth.

Earth’s Structure and Materials –What are the different types of soils and their properties? –Why are rocks and minerals so important to us on earth? –What is the significance of the gases found on earth? –What is the significance of water on earth and role does it play?

Layers of the Earth

Crust Inner Core Solid iron Mantle Outer Core Liquid Iron

Soil Types Silt-fine, rich ingredients, moved from some other place Sand-grainy, mixture Potting Soil – Large particles Clay- tiny particles, retains moisture Sedimentary Layers Loam is a mixture of Clay, Silt, & Sand

Soil’s place in a Food Web

Earth’s Resources S.H.E.L.S Fossil Fuels S.O.W. PANDA & Minerals

Rocks can be RECYCLED Minerals are NONRENEWABLE

The Process and the Outcome (Is it constructive or Destructive) Construct…Constructive…Construction to build or build up Destruct…Destructive…Destruction to destroy or tear down

Constructive – build up of sand Destructive – wearing away

Physical Features - Landforms

Physical Features - Landforms Mountains Plateau Name them… Glaciers Valley A valley in a roof top

Physical Features - Landforms Beaches Rivers Islands

Physical Features - Landforms Deltas Sedimentary deposits creating a fan shape delta of rich soil.

Physical Features - Landforms The Grand Canyon Oceans Volcanoes

Plate Tectonics What events take place to cause: –Earthquakes –Mountains –Volcanoes –Ridges

Plate Tectonics The plates may separate, push against each other, or one slip under the other plate.

Events in the “Past” Resources, their origins, and how we classify them. Layers of soil, rocks, and minerals. Types of fossils, rocks, tree rings and other ways we can investigate “what happened before”.

Significance of Fossils They can “talk” to us and tell us about the Earth’s history.

Significance of Tree Rings! Count the rings & tell the trees age…look at the damage to the rings and know the past…

Sedimentary Rock Layers Which layer is the oldest?

Energy from the Sun The Sun provides Earth with most of its energy that powers various activities on the planet. –Food Webs (flow of energy) –Growth of plants (photosynthesis) –The Water cycle (drives the cycle) –Creation of winds –Weather These are all driven by energy from the Sun.

Patterns and Cycles of Change Water Cycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change Nitrogen Cycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change Nitrogen Cycle

Patterns and Cycles of Change Carbon Cycle

FACTS TO KNOW 24 hours in a day – One Rotation of Earth 29.5 days in a Lunar Month (about a calendar month) – the moon’s revolution around EARTH - 28 days is often used 365 days in 1 year - Earth’s Revolution around the SUN

An orbit is the elliptical PATH an object or planet takes as it revolves around a celestial object

The seasons are cause by the TILT of the Earth on its axis; Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter

Review this power point often and gain a true understanding of Earth & Space Science