Cultures Clash on the Great Plains CH 5. Why do we call it the Great Plains? GEOGRAPHY! – Remember from geography! Plains are flat lands that usually.

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Cultures Clash on the Great Plains CH 5

Why do we call it the Great Plains? GEOGRAPHY! – Remember from geography! Plains are flat lands that usually only have grass and no trees. – The Great Plains is a flat region in the middle of the United States that reaches from Texas to Canada.

Great Plains

Different Cultures Native American Nomadic – moved around the Great Plains following and hunting buffalo Did not believe in private property Were not Christian White Settlers Wanted to farm & use the land Believed in private property Most were Christian

Confrontations in the West 1864 – Sand Creek Massacre: 150 Cheyenne, mostly women and children, killed by Colorado Militia

Confrontations in the West 1866 – Bozeman Trail (Wyoming): 80 U.S. Cavalrymen killed by Crazy Horse

Confrontations in the West – Red River War: Kiowa & Comanche began raiding white villages so the U.S. Army came in and defeated the Indians

Confrontations in the West 1876 – “Custer’s Last Stand”: over 2,000 braves led by Sitting Bull killed Col. George Custer and his 200 cavalrymen at Little Big Horn in Montana

Confrontations in the West 1890 – Battle of Wounded Knee: 300 unarmed Sioux were killed by the 7 th Cavalry, and the wounded were left to freeze

Wounded Knee Massacre

Confrontations in the West 1890 – Battle of Wounded Knee: 300 unarmed Sioux were killed by the 7 th Cavalry, and the wounded were left to freeze – This led to the end of the Indian Wars. After 1890, the Indians stopped fighting for their land and were moved to reservations.

Assimilation assimilation:

Assimilation assimilation: when a minority group (like the Indians) adopts the culture of the majority group (the whites)

Assimilation assimilation: when a minority group (like the Indians) adopts the culture of the majority group (the whites) the Dawes Act of 1887 was a law that forced assimilation – it gave land to individual Indians, forcing them to own private property and farm it like whites

The Carlisle School

Assimilation

The End of the Era of Buffalo 1800 – 65 million buffalo 1890 – less than 1,000 remained WHY? tourists and fur traders shot buffalo for sport 2000 – 260,000 buffalo

Cattle becomes big business – a. after Civil War demand for beef rose sharply – b. Texans had tens of thousands of longhorns – c. Cattle drives began from Texas to Kansas/Missouri

– d. most popular trail was Chisholm Trail (San Antonio to Abilene, Kansas) – e. ended in 1890s due to railroads entering Texas, overgrazing, and barbed wire