 Reading Skills Reading Skills Reading Skills  Text Study Text Study Text Study  Notes to the Text Notes to the Text Notes to the Text  Words and Expressions Words and Expressions Words and Expressions  Idea Sharing Idea Sharing Idea Sharing

2 1   Reading for the Main Idea in a Paragraph Reading for the Main Idea in a Paragraph

2 1 Reading Skills Reading for The Main Idea The main idea of a passage is the thought that is presented from the beginning to the end. In a well-written paragraph, most of the sentences support, describe or explain the main idea. The main idea frequently appears in the first sentence, sometimes in the middle or at the end.

2 1 The U.S. is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointment, to say “thank you”, to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. Main idea: The U.S. is definitely a telephone country. Reading Skills 1. Example from passage A (Para.7)

2 1 Main idea: The first stage of culture-shock adjustment is “the honeymoon”. Reading Skills 2. Exercises ① ① The first stage is called “the honeymoon”. In this stage, you feel excitement about living in a different place. And everything seems to be marvelous. You like everything, and everybody seems to be so nice to you. Also, the amusement of life in a new culture seems as though it will have no ending.

2 1 ② Eventually, however, the second stage of culture shock appears. This is the “hostility stage”. You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. You become tired of many things about the new culture. Moreover, people don’t treat you like a guest anymore. Everything that seemed to be so wonderful at first is now awful, and everything makes you feel distressed and tired. Main idea: The second stage of culture-shock, “hostility stage”, eventually occurs. Reading Skills

2 1  Question Answering Question Answering Question Answering

Can you imagine what you will definitely encounter when studying abroad for the first time? (Para.1) Text Study Question Answering Question Answering Culture Shock Tips:

2 1 happy, good, curious, excellent … 2. Can you find some adjectives to describe your feeling in honeymoon stage? (Para.2) excited, marvelous, wonderful, comfortable, Tips: Text Study

Can you describe the emotions in hostility stage? (Para. 3~5) awful lonely indifferent homesick distressed hostile isolated unfriendly rejected cold Tips: become tired of … makes sb. feel … everything is …, I feel … Text Study

2 1 People often devise some defense mechanisms to cope with the effects of culture shock, such as: 4. What may people usually do in hostility stage? 4. What may people usually do in hostility stage? (Para.4) Text Study repression: ______________________________ regression: ______________________________ isolation: ________________________________ rejection: ________________________________ pretend, acceptable, nothing, bothers child, forget, careless, irresponsible not communicate, home alone cope fine alone, need no help

2 1 They’re _________; on the contrary, they can really ____ people, because they may prevent people from ________________ ____________ the new culture. not helpful hurt adjustments to 5. Are these mechanisms helpful? 5. Are these mechanisms helpful? (Para.5) Text Study making necessary

2 1 People often start feeling ___________ and adjust to the new ______, ______, ______ and ________. more positive normsvalues beliefstraditions 6. What may people usually do in recovery stage? 6. What may people usually do in recovery stage? (Para.6) Text Study 7. What may people feel in adjustment stage? (Para.7) Lead-in video clip Watch the video clip and then answer the question.

2 1 Text Study Lead-in video

2 1 People may feel _____. The things that initially made people feel ____________, or _______ are now things people can _________. So people feel __________. they have adjusted to the new culture. good uncomfortable strange understandcomfortable 7. What may people feel in adjustment stage? 7. What may people feel in adjustment stage? (Para.7) Text Study

2 1  Focus Study Focus Study Focus Study  Active Expressions Active Expressions Active Expressions

2 1 I. Active Expressions 1. … …because it separates you from those things that could really help you. 2. After you deal with your hostile feelings, recognition of the temporary nature of culture shock begins. (L36) 3. You recover from the symptoms of the first two stages, … (L40) 4. It does not seem like a very helpful experience when you are going through its four stages. (L50) Practice Pick up the active expressions in the following: Notes to the Text—Active Expressions

2 1 separate … from... (cause things or people to) divide deal with take action on, manage … recover from … return to a normal state from … go through experience Notes to the Text—Active Expressions

那男孩是在城里长大的, 所以觉得很难区别杨树 和柳树。 2. 做警察五年，他已学会恰当地应付各种复杂局 面。 3. 患重感冒, 通常要很长时间才能康复。 4. 在经历了这么多之后, 她怎么还能这样保持微笑？ Notes to the Text—Active Expressions Translation

Brought up in town, the boy finds it difficult to separate a poplar from a willow. 2. Being a policeman for five years, he has learnt to deal properly with all kinds of complicated situations. 3. It usually takes a long time for a person to recover from a bad cold. 4. How can she keep smiling after all she’s gone through? Notes to the Text—Active Expressions

Because your views may clash with the different beliefs, norms, values, and traditions that exist in different countries, you may have difficulty adjusting to a new culture and to those parts of the culture not familiar to you. (L5) Because … (adverbial clause of cause), and traditions that … (attributive clause), you may have difficulty adjusting … (main clause). Notes to the Text—Focus Study II. Focus Study

2 1 因为你的观点可能会与 存在于不同国家的不同 信念、价值观念和传统 发生冲突，在适应一种 新的文化及该文化中你 不熟悉的那些部分时， 你也许会遇到困难。 Translation Notes to the Text—Focus Study

…you may have difficulty adjusting to a new culture…(L7) Notes to the Text—Focus Study Practice 在 …… （方面）有困难 have difficulty (in) doing …, have difficulty with sth. 在 …… （方面）没有困难 have no difficulty (in) doing …

2 1 Notes to the Text—Focus Study Translation 他的英语口语很糟糕，我很难听懂他。 他们没费多少劲就在家乡找到了出生的那幢房子。 那女孩好像在汉译英方面有许多困难。 His oral English is very poor and I have great difficulty in understanding him. They had no difficulty in finding the house where they had been born in their hometown. The girl seems to have a lot of difficulty with Chinese to English translation. Key

2 1 would rather 3. You would rather be home alone, and you don’t want to communicate with anybody. (L26) Translate: would rather do … than do … 宁愿做 …… 不做 …… would rather sb. did sth. 宁愿某人做某事 rather than 而不是 …… other than 除了（用于否定句） Notes to the Text—Focus Study

2 1 Translation He’d rather lose his job than make false accounts. She, rather than you, should be responsible for it. 除非坐船，否则你到不了小岛。 他宁愿失去工作，也不愿做假账。该对此负责任的是她而不是你。 You can’t get to the island other than by boat. Key

2 1   Matching Games Matching Games   Word Using Word Using

2 1 Their views clash on the new tax bill with the old generation. The car clashed against the wall. 他们在新税法上与老一辈意见相左。 那辆汽车砰地撞上墙壁。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using I. Word Using 1. clash vi. ① disagree seriously about sth.; crash

2 1 The demonstration ended in a violent clash with the police. 游行示威以与警察的激烈冲突而告终。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using 1. clash n. ② serious disagreement ； violent contact

have difficulty (in) doing sth./with + n. 在 …… 方面有困难 Did you have any difficulty adjusting to university life when you were a freshman? Q & A Words and Expressions—Word Using — Well, I did have some difficulty in … — Oh, I had difficulties with … Reference

(sth.) be familiar to sb. 对 …… 熟悉, 熟知 …… He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own. 他谈论其他文化仿佛比对本国的文化还熟悉。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

(sb.) be familiar with sth. 熟悉 …… 你熟悉棒球规则吗？ Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

amuse vt. make sb. laugh or smile 逗 …… 笑，逗乐   The children amused themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.  我们被他那愚蠢的行为逗乐了。  孩子们玩捉迷藏游戏取乐。   We were all amused at his foolish behavior.Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

cope with vi. manage successfully I was amazed at her ability to cope with the difficult situation. 她对付困境的能力使我惊讶。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

isolate vt. separate sb. / sth. from…   Several villages have been isolated by lack of buses.   感染到这种传染病的人被隔离起来。  由于缺少公共汽车, 有几个村子显得很偏僻。  Sufferers from the infectious disease are isolated. isolated.Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

reject vt. refuse to accept 拒绝；不接受 He rejected their invitation point-blank. 他直截了当地拒绝了他们的邀请。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

favorable adj. ① helpful, suitable The weather seemed favorable for the race. 这天气似乎很适合赛跑。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

be favorable to ② giving or showing agreement   They are favorable to the proposal.   这本书赢得了好评。  他们赞同这项提议。  The book received a favorable review. Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

distinction n. ① special element, unique quality 木星的特点在于它是太阳系中最大的行星。 Jupiter has the distinction of being the largest planet.Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

distinction n. ② difference or contrast between one person / thing and another  What is the distinction between butterflies and moths? and moths?  Employers should hire men and women without distinction. without distinction.   蝴蝶与飞蛾有什么不同之处 ?   雇主用人应不分男女。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

appreciate vt. ① understand and enjoy sth.; value highly; understand sth. with sympathy   Her talent for music was not appreciated.   I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter.  她的音乐才能无人赏识。  恐怕你还没有意识到这件事的紧迫性。 Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

appreciate vi. ② increase in value With the fast development of the society, land will continue to appreciate. 随着社会不断快速发展，土地将继续增值。Translation Key Words and Expressions—Word Using

2 1 II. Matching Game __ fascinating __ appreciate __ marvelous __ clash __ cope with __ be hostile to __ devise a. understand and enjoy b. be of an enemy c. think out, design d. wonderful, outstanding e. disagree seriously f. deal with … successfully g. interesting and attractive a g d e b f c Words and Expressions—Matching Game

2 1   Discussion Discussion

2 1 Usually when a person moves to live in a foreign country, he or she may experience a period of culture shock. What in fact causes culture shock? Watch the lead-in video clips, then discuss and get a conclusion. Lead-in video clips Discussion Idea Sharing What Causes Culture Shock?

2 1 Lead-in video 1 Idea Sharing

2 1 Lead-in video 2 Idea Sharing

2 1 Lead-in video 3 Idea Sharing

2 1 education, health, love, value, ideas, legal rights, parenting, race, morality, scientific achievements, life style …Tips The different ways to … cause … in … The different views on … lead to … The Chinese/American way to … is The Chinese/Americans think … is Useful Expressions Idea Sharing

2 1Conclusion Cultural differences cause culture shock. Idea Sharing

2 1 To Task To Horizon The End of Section B