Modeling Kanban Scheduling in Systems of Systems Alexey Tregubov, Jo Ann Lane

Outline 2 Modeling Kanban scheduling in System of Systems:  Why do we need to model?  Overview of KSS Network  Key aspects of Kanban scheduling technique  Simulation model  Example of KSS Network  Results & future work

Why do we need to model? 3 Applications of modeling in System of System environments:  Hypothesis testing  Process improvement  Business decision support  Cost and effort estimation

Health care example of KSS Network 4

Key aspects of Kanban scheduling 5 Kanban principles embedded in prioritization algorithm:  Eliminate waste  Minimize context switching  Limit work in progress  Make process more visible and transparent  Kanban boards  Increased value delivered earlier  Value-based work prioritization  Reduce governance overhead

Key aspects of Kanban scheduling (continued) 6 Work prioritization algorithm based on the following:  All work items (WI) prioritized according to their business value  Every WI has a class of service: Standard, Important, Date Certain, Critical Expedite  Limiting work in progress: work in progress is never interrupted unless new work has a Critical class of service

Simulation model 7 Discrete event simulation:  Inputs:  Event scenario: a sequence of events that describes how network evolves over course of their execution  Team configuration: structure of teams, resource/specialties allocation  Simulation configuration: stop condition  Outputs:  Sequence of network states  Analysis: various indicators of effectiveness

Simulation model: definitions 8 Discrete event simulation – network state & transition algorithm Network state objects:  Kanban board – demand log, work items in progress  Team – group of resources (e.g. software development team)  Work item – task that requires effort to completed  Aggregation Nodes – logical group of work items, such as requirements, capabilities  Kanban network – teams, Kanban board, and their work items Transition algorithm:  Trigger events according to the scenario  Apply work prioritization algorithm

Health care example 9

Example: capabilities to requirements to products 10

Example: network structure & scenario 11

Example: outputs 12

Example: workflow 13

Example: result analysis 14 Value:

Conclusion: results 15  Simulation model  Simulator implementation: KSS Simulator  Two prioritization algorithms implemented  Several scenarios analyzed

Conclusion: future work 16  Pilot the Kanban scheduling with several organizations  Fine-tune the simulator using empirical data and organizations feed back  Scale up the cases we run through the simulator  Refine and calibrate cost models

Questions & answers 17