ALGAE: Food for the FUTURE Technology and Innovation for Food Security SYED ISA SYED ALWI Algaetech International, Malaysia

UN Report April 2011 Food needed between now and 2050 > the food needed for the last 8,000 years

Oil Peaked in 2008 with 6 Billion people Agriculture uses oil refined to diesel Depleting oil reserves to sustain 9 Billion people in 2050

3+ Billion people are hungry today

Global Hunger 925 million people do not have enough to eat - more than the populations of USA, Canada and the European Union; (Source: FAO news release, 14 September 2010) 98 percent of the world's hungry live in developing countries; (Source: FAO news release, 2010) Asia and the Pacific region is home to over half the world’s population and nearly 2/3 of the world’s hungry people; (Source: FAO news release, 2010) Women make up a little over half of the world's population, but they account for over 60 percent of the world’s hungry. (Source: Strengthening efforts to eradicate hunger, ECOSOC, 2007) 65 percent of the world's hungry live in only seven countries: India, China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan and Ethiopia. (Source: FAO news release, 2010)

Our Food Supply is entirely dependent on an eroding foundation of fossil resources

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5 Fatal Errors of Fossil Foods 1. Constantly rising prices with the price of oil2. 80% of Fresh Water goes to Agriculture3. Soil Erosion and Degradation4. Environmental Damage5. Eventual Crop Failure

Food prices rise with Oil More food production needs more fuel consumption, cropland, water, fertilizers and chemicals What happens when fuel becomes unaffordable?

Global annual consumption of grain is 682 million tons for 6 Billion people 1 ton of grain 1000 tons of water consumes Fresh Water

We need Food that is Free of Fossil Resources…. We need Food for the Future!

Future Food Production 1. Fossil Resource Free of: - Fertile Soil - Fresh Water -Fossil Fuel - Fertilizers and Chemicals - Fossil Agriculture Chemicals and Poisons 2. Free of Waste water 3. Free of Greenhouse Gasses 4. Free of environmental and ecological damage5. Sustainable and affordable production

Future Food Source: ALGAEALGAE

FUNCTIONAL FOODS CHEMICALS SUPPLEMENTS & NUTRACEUTICALS ANIMAL FEED BIODIESEL Value Volume Low High Low Algae Supply Chain

Use of Algae Feeding Vessel PBR Harvesting pond Recycled Water Centrifuge Biomass Extraction & Bio- refining Process Algae Oil Spirulina, Other HVP’s & Animal Feed Water Nutrients Co2 Algae FOR FUEL FOR FOOD FOR CLEAN WATER

Algae for Food Spirulina is a wholesome food supplement, richest source of protein (65-71% by dry weight), vitamins, amino acids, beta carotene, linolenic acid, minerals and other nutrients. Spirulina is claimed as non toxic, nutritious food with corrective properties against viral attacks, anemia, cancer, heptotoxicity, cardiovascular diseases, hyperglycemia, hyperlipedemia, immunodeficiency, inflammatory processes and like. 26 times more calcium than milk 1kg of Spirulina = 1,000Kg of assorted vegetables 6 times more protein than eggs 20 times protein more than milk Richest source of iron and beta carotene, as well as of vitamin B12 Has all the essential amino acids besides necessary enzymes and minerals.

Algae for Fuel Feeding Vessel PBR Harvesting pond Centrifuge Algae Oil Biomass Extraction & Bio- refining Process Water Nutrients Co2 Algae Oil extracted from Algae can be processed into Bio-Fuel

Algae for Clean Water Water Nutrients Co2 Algae Feeding Vessel PBR Harvesting pond Clean Recycled Water Centrifuge Biomass Clean Water Algae can Clean Waste Water

From Fossil Food to Future Food = + = + Free of Waste Water Free of Environmental Damage Free of Greenhouse Gasses and Pollution Renewable and Sustainable

Future Food Production using Algae 1. Fossil Resource Free of: - Fertile Soil - Fresh Water -Fossil Fuel - Fertilizers and Chemicals - Fossil Agriculture Chemicals and Poisons 2. Free of Waste water 3. Free of Greenhouse Gasses 4. Free of environmental and ecological damage5. Sustainable and affordable production

Healthier Food for: People Healthy, affordable food choices High nutrient and vitamin density No empty calories No GMO material No chemical or poison residue Organic and naturally biodiversity Planet No waste, no pollution Cleans air and water Regenerates fields and ecosystems Halts natural resource extinction Producers Sustainable crops with affordable inputs Grow fresh and local to consumers Avoid the need for fossil inputs Grow 70 times faster than fossil crops No fertilizer or pesticide exposure Diminishes physical and economic risk Atmosphere Moderate climate chaos End black soot pollution Capture and recycle greenhouse gasses Remove 50% of the trucks from highways

Conclusion Algae and algae technology can be used in the process to sustain production of Food for the Future Future Food production will be environmentally friendly and efficient with algae technology