Bell Ringer 9/18 Use Map Book pages When did Rome become a republic? 2.What was the capital of the Roman Republic? 3.How is our country like Ancient Rome? 4.According to the map on page 34 what territories did Rome conquer? 5.According to the chart on page 35, what were the differences between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire? 6.What region did the Roman Empire control? (page 36) 7.What things connected the Empire and allowed for trade to thrive? 8.According to the map on page 36 what goods were being traded throughout the Roman Empire? 9.When did Augustus become emperor of the Roman empire and what did he bring to the empire after years of civil war? (page 37) 15 minutes

Roman Republic – Roman Empire

1. 1.What was the connection between Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle? 2. 2.What are some of the important contributions of Greek Philosophy to Western Civilization? 3. 3.How did the government of the Roman Republic become more democratic in its decision making? 4. 4.What was Pax Romana and what was its impact on the Roman Empire and modern international law? 5. 5.How did Roman achievements influence Western Civilization? 6. 6.What factors contributed to the eventual destruction of the Roman Empire? 7. 7.How did Christianity become established within the Roman Empire? Essential Questions;

Essential Vocabulary: Roman EmpireRoman Empire Twelve tablesTwelve tables Julius CaesarJulius Caesar TriumvirateTriumvirate Augustus CaesarAugustus Caesar Pax RomanaPax Romana ChristianityChristianity ConstantineConstantine Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire

The Geography of Rome

Italy in 750 BCE

Influence of the Etruscans  Writing  Religion  The Arch

The Mythical Founding of Rome: Romulus & Remus

Republican Government 2 Consuls (Rulers of Rome) Senate (Representative body for patricians) Tribal Assembly (Representative body for plebeians)

The Twelve Tables, 450 BCE  Providing political and social rights for the plebeians.

Carthaginian Empire

Hannibal’s Route Punic Wars Hannibal’s Route Punic Wars

Reform Leaders  Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus the poor should be given grain and small plots of free land. Military Reformer  Gaius Marius recruited an army from the poor and homeless. professional standing army.

Greek and Roman Domination

Crossing the Rubicon, 49 BC The Die is Cast!

PompeyPompey Civil War & Dictators Julius Caesar

The First Triumvirate  Julius Caesar  Marcus Licinius Crassus  Gaius Magnus Pompey

Beware the Ides of March! 44 BCE

The Second Triumvirate  Octavian Augustus  Marc Antony  Marcus Lepidus

Octavian Augustus: Rome’s First Emperor

The First Roman Dynasty

Pax Romana : 27 BCE – 180 CE

The Roman Colosseum

The Colosseum Interior

Circus Maximus

Pax Romana : 27 BCE – 180 CE

The Roman Forum Pax Romana : 27 BCE – 180 CE The Roman Forum

Roman Roads: The Appian Way

Roman Aqueducts

The Greatest Extent of the Roman Empire – 14 CE

St. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles

Imperial Roman Road System

The Rise of Christianity

The Empire in Crisis: 3 rd Century The Empire in Crisis: 3 rd Century

The Spread of Christianity St. Peter’s Cathedral Home of the Vatican Home of the Catholic Church

Diocletian Splits the Empire in Two: 294 AD

Constantine: Constantine the Great was the first emperor of Rome to convert to Christianity During his reign, Christians, previously persecuted, gained freedom of worship He gave huge estates and other gifts to the Christian church He established a capital in the eastern provinces, naming it Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey)

Constantinople: “The 2 nd Rome” (Founded in 330)

Byzantium: The Eastern Roman Empire

Barbarian Invasions: 4c-5c 476 AD

The Legacy of Rome  Republic Government  Roman Law  Latin Language  Roman Catholic Church  City Planning  Romanesque Architectural Style  Roman Engineering Aqueducts Aqueducts Sewage systems Sewage systems Dams Dams Cement Cement Arch Arch