History of Rome  According to tradition, Rome was founded in 753 BCE by Romulus  Kingdom: 753 BCE- 509 BCE  Republic: 509 BCE- 27 BCE  Empire: Under Augustus Caesar About 27 BCE- 476 CE t/newmaps/rome.jpg

Extent of the Roman Empire le:RomanEmpire_117.svg

Roman Senate  Republic: a government whose head of state is not a king or emperor, and in which the people or elected representatives have power

Government Structure  Anyone could run for office Most start at lower rungs, then rise over time to gain power  Cicero started as a Plebian (commoner) Rose to consul  Effectively an oligarchy, though citizens could vote

Julius Caesar  Roman political and military leader  Declared dictator, but not king or emperor, in 46 BCE  May have paved the way for the Empire  Part of the first Triumvirate with Pompey (consul)

Timeline:  75 BC Julius Caesar captured by pirates  73 BC Outbreak of Third Servile War, led by the slave and gladiator Spartacus 71 BC Revolt of Spartacus crushed by Pompey and Crassus  70 BC Crassus and Pompey become joint consuls of the Roman Republic  59 BC Julius Caesar becomes consul- -an important event in the History of RomeJulius Caesar  59 – 53 BC Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar dominate the Late Roman republic through a political alliance called the First Triumvirate  58 BC Julius Caesar campaigns in Gaul  55 BC Julius Caesar attempts to invade Britain and succeeds in 54 BC  49 BC Caesar's army crosses the Rubicon and Civil War begins between Caesar and the Republican forces of Pompey. Julius Caesar is victorious, becomes dictator of the Roman Republic and then conquers Gaul  47 BC Caesar invades Egypt and appoints Cleopatra queen  44 BC Julius Caesar is assassinated; Marcus Antony controls RomeJulius Caesar is assassinated  43 BC The Second Triumvirate established in the Roman Republic between Octavian (Julius Caesar's adoptive son) and Marc Antony  42 BC Octavian takes control of Italy  31 BC Battle of Actium, Octavian defeats Marc Antony and Queen Cleopatra  27 BC Octavian, becomes, as Augustus Caesar, the first emperor of Rome and the Roman Republic comes to an end.Augustus Caesar empire/roman-republic-timeline.htm

Accomplishments  Roads  Aqueducts  Huge buildings Architecture that we couldn’t have built with the same technologies!

Modern Rome content/uploads/2010/01/rome.jpg

The Colosseum (72 CE) housed entertainments such as gladiator fights, mock sea battles, animal hunts and other, often bloody spectacles

Modern Rome: The Forum /06/ the_ roman_forum-rome.jpg

Plutarch  Lived 46 CE-120 CE  Roman historian whose Lives have been read by many, including Shakespeare  Wrote about Rome and its famous citizens, including Julius Caesar and Brutus