ASTRONOMY. What is astronomy?  Astronomy is the science that explores and examines all objects (among them the Earth) and the relationships and dynamics.

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Presentation transcript:

ASTRONOMY

What is astronomy?  Astronomy is the science that explores and examines all objects (among them the Earth) and the relationships and dynamics of their movements.

What does astronomy refer to?  Astronomy refers to the observation and interpretation of the phenomena that take place in the sky over the Earth's atmosphere.  It studies the origin, the evolution, the physical and chemical properties of the celestial bodies that can be observed, as well as the processes involving them.

A few things about Observational Astronomy  Observational Astronomy (or simply Astronomy) deals with the instruments carrying out astronomical observations, the processes involved and the calculations that are derived.

Global Astronomy and Celestial Mechanics  Global Astronomy regards the heavenly bodies as mathematical points on the concave surface of the celestial sphere.  Celestial Mechanics examines the dynamics of celestial bodies by studying the terms governing such forces and based on physical laws (e.g. law of universal gravitation etc.)

Physics and Astronomy Astrophysics  Astrophysics examines the celestial bodies physically, i.e. their chemical composition, temperature, color, brightness etc. The classification of the celestial bodies (e.g. stars, planets, satellites etc.) belongs to this branch of astronomy.

Old and modern history  Ancient astronomers relied solely on naked- eye observations, while nowadays scientists use the telescope and other modern means of observation.

 Planets Comets, asteroids Nebulae Star clusters Galaxies Constellations Black holes, neutron stars

THE VALUE OF ASTRONOMY  The contribution of astronomy and its interaction with other sciences and arts are both very important. Nobody can doubt that the theories and observations of the ancient Greek astronomers and natural philosophers are the basis of this modern science.  Spectroscopy, which comes from Astronomy, is used nowadays in Physics, Chemistry, Metallurgy, Biology etc. Shipping and Geodesy are also closely linked to Astronomy. The climax is the contribution of Astronomy to modern space research and to the safe shipment of artificial satellites and spacecrafts.  Finally, astronomy is closely related to philosophy and metaphysics. Although as a science it cannot give a direct answer to philosophical problems, however, “it has a major impact on deterimining the attitude of a thinking man towards the next generations, as well as towards the power of the universe beyond him” (according to the famous American Astronomer Henry Norris Russell).

International Year of Astronomy 2009  The International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided to celebrate 2009 as the International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009). The International Year of Astronomy was declared by the 62nd General Assembly of the United Nations.

THE END Written by: Kouza Elizabeth and and Ali Oglou Berna