REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT Knowledge, Image and Politics 1. Introduction: Institutionalist perspectives on the politics of public policy 2. Case study: Thatcherism and regional policy in Scotland 3. Comparative cases: Place branding of provincial cities 4. Survey: Knowledge and regional policy in European regions Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Source: Inspired by inter alia Ham & Hill, Jenkins, Sabatier, Parsons, Winter – Elaborated on the basis of Henrik Halkier: Institutions, Discourse and Regional Development, Brussels: PIE Peter Lang, 2006, chapter 3. Political environment Public actors Private actors Discursive terrain Implementing organisation Political sponsor Organisation Policy design Economic & socio-cultural environment Public actors Private actors Cultural patterns Discursive terrain Policy target Firms Organisations Public authorities Citizens PROBLEM DEFINITION POLICY OUTCOME POLITICS OF REGIONAL POLICY Institutionalist policy analysis Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

CASE STUDY: Thatcherism and Regional Policy in Scotland Prevailing interpretation * strategies change after 1979 * from interventionism to liberalism Research aims * examine changing SDA strategies * examine political sponsor strategies * examine changing policy implementation Controversial example * industrial investment Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

SDADTI / English assisted area Regional problem Uncompetitive firms, unemployment Unemployment, late 1980s uncompetitive firms Operational strategy Support more competitive firms Support all firms, late 1980s more competitive firms Instruments* increasingly conditional * finance, organisation, information * conditional * finance much reduced, organisation, (information) Modes* increasingly proactive * predominantly discretionary * selectivity increasing * reactive * automatic, then discretionary * more selective late 1980s ImplementationIntegratedFragmented CASE STUDY: Thatcherism and Regional Policy in Scotland Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

SDADTI / English assisted area Regional problem Uncompetitive firms, unemployment Unemployment, late 1980s uncompetitive firms Operational strategy Support more competitive firms Support all firms, late 1980s more competitive firms Instruments* increasingly conditional * finance, organisation, information * conditional * finance much reduced, organisation, (information) Modes* increasingly proactive * predominantly discretionary * selectivity increasing * reactive * automatic, then discretionary * more selective late 1980s ImplementationIntegratedFragmented  1979: last resort measure  increased activity  intensified appraisal  public-private network CASE STUDY: Thatcherism and Regional Policy in Scotland Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Inter-organisational Cooperation in City Branding Comparing Aarhus & Aalborg, Denmark Henrik Halkier & Anette Therkelsen Forthcoming in Andy Pike (ed.): Brands and Branding Geographies, Edward Elgar 2010

Comparative cases: Place branding of provincial cities Strategy  market: selling place vs. building community  place-making: city of words vs. city of stones Commitment  imperative vs. more/less important  repositioning vs. reinforcement Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Commitment Strategy Involvement  involvement -> strong commitment  commitment -> holistic strategy  place-branding depending on many dimensions of inter-organisational cooperation Comparative cases: Place branding of provincial cities Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Survey: Knowledge and regional policy in European regions Empirical survey  most important organisation at most important meso-level  four most prominent policies  web-based survey by Susanne Bendtsen  181 regions  snapshot becoming wider/deeper 20/21 9/9 16/16 4/5 12/12 7/14 15/15 17/17 4/15 6/13 6/6 7/11 3/19 2/10 10/12 5/7 4/4 8/12 6/11 2/8 6/16 12/20 Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Relative importance of policy targets HardwareSoftwareOrgware Auto●●●●●● Bio●●●●●● Food●●●●●●● ICT●●●●●● KIBS●●●●●● New media●●●●● Tourism●● All cases●● Source: EURODITE WP8 report Survey: Knowledge and regional policy in European regions Policy characteristics  Lisbon-oriented strategies  Multi-level governance  Knowledge-intensive Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University,

Policy characteristics  Lisbon-oriented strategies  Multi-level governance  Knowledge-intensive  Knowledge-conservative?  Inward-looking? Relative importance of knowledge types in knowledge interactions Analytical● Synthetic●● Symbolic●● Analytical/synthetic ● Synthetic/symbolic ● All three types Survey: Knowledge and regional policy in European regions Henrik Halkier, Aalborg University, Source: EURODITE WP8 report