20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Universal Differential relay 7SD Universal differential relay - For line / cables - with transformers in the protection zone With secure digital communication - Fibre optic cables - Communication networks - Digital telefon network / telefon cables * 7SD610 * In preparation

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Protection and communication come together Three benefits of the 7SD610  Differential protection for the universal use with easy to handle settings Two line terminals, Less CT-requirements Handles transformers and compensation coils within the protection zone Tripping time less than one period  Additional functions Backup (parallel running) or emergency O/C - function (3 stages) Breaker failure protection, Overload protection, Switch on to fault feature, 4 fast remote signals, Intertrip function Supervision of the communication link, Bus-wire supervision  Direct and modular connection to fibre optic and digital communication networks

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Application - Fibre optic connection FO 820 nm, 1,5 km 820 nm, 3 km Multimode 62,5/125 um 1300 nm, 10 km 1300 nm, 35 km Monomode 9/125 um Direct connection with fibre optic (FO) cables - Offers high speed tripping (16 ms) - Flexible plug in modules for different fibre typ or distance Distance FO-cable Connector ST ST ST FC

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Application - Digital communication network E O O E Communication- system Communication converter 820 nm, 1,5 km Synchonous electrical interface X.21 (64/128/512 kBit/s) or G703.1 (64 kBit/s) Connection via a communication system with multiplexers - Automatic delay time measurement (adaptive correction from 0 ms - 30 ms) - Immediate detection of switch-over conditions of communication routes - Communication addresses,

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Application - Leased telefon line Leased telefon line (standby or dial-up) - 2 wire telefon cable (max. 8 km)* E O O E 820 nm, 1,5 km * In test Communication converter Twisted telefon pair max. 8 km (5 miles) 5 kV insulation integrated

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Applications - Line or cable with different CT - ratios 400:5, 10P10, 10VA, k Alf = 59, k = 50 VT option Not required for diff. function - Mismatch of the CT ratio of 1:8 allowed, 1A or 5A input settable in the relay - CT datas / errors are set in the relay and automatically considered in the restraint current calculation - CT-requirement: k Alf for the local CT must be greater then k (k min = 30) 600:1, 5P20, 20 VA, k Alf = 130, k = 33,3 ___ I N,CT I K,max k= 20 kA 87L 50/51 50 BF 49

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Application - Transformer and line in the protection zone 20 MVA, 110 kV/20 kV, Yd1 10P10, 10 VA, 200:110P10, 10 VA, 500:5 - Settings for the transformer datas in each relay with vector group matching, ratio adaption and zero sequence elimination - Differential setpoint is rated to the nominal current of the transformer - Inrush restraint with second harmonic included (time limit for Crossblock) High set element for immetiate trip (16 ms) through heavy fault currents trip command 1 mile 87T 50/51 50 BF 49

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Scope of functions / Hardware options Scope of functions - Fast high set element I Diff>>. Current summation. - Sensitive trip stage with vector summation I Diff> - Autoreclosure 1/3 pole - Communication features - Commissioning aid - Overload protection - Backup-/emergency overcurrent - Breaker failure protection - Switch on to fault protection - 4 remote commands - Intertrip (also from external) - User defined logic - Exact time tagging Relay Hardware O O 1300 nm 10 km monomode O 1300 nm 35 km monomode O E Electrical X21 G703.1 interface Options for the Protection Interface 1/3 *19´´ internal External converter 820 nm 1,5 / 3 km multimode 820 nm 1,5 km ST- connectors - 3I ph, and I E - 4 U - 7 binary inputs - 5 trip contacts - 1 alarm contact - 1 Protection interface - System interface (option) - Rear DIGSI interface (option) - Time synchronisation interface for GPS ST- connector ST- connector FC- connector

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Modular hardware concept with Plug in modules Protection interface 1 Port D Synchronous N x 64kB/sec Serial time sync. input GPS-receiver Interfacemodul 1 RS485 RS232 Service-interface DIGSI 4; also for modem connection and Browser local-PC interface DIGSI local Browser Substation control Communication modules RS485 or RS232 Available Protocols IEC - standard Interfacemodul 2 RS485 or FO Subst. control interface Plug in modules Remote line end

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Main processor board of the relay Sockets for the communication modules Main board of the relay with it´s Communication - Interfaces

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Main protection function Features of the differential function Phase selective differential protection (2 terminals). Tripping time of 16 ms with fast trip stage. Fundamental vector comparison for the sensitive trip stage. Detects even high resistive faults under full load. Dynamic increase of sensitive differential setpoint during switch-on of long cables (settable time) CT saturation detector. Increase of restraint current if CT- saturation is indicated by the measured fault currents. Phase selective intertrip within 20 ms (normally not required) Settable delay time for single phase faults (special feature for inductive compensated networks) Inrush detection with 2nd harmonic. Undelayed trip for heavy fault currents. Vector group matching and zero sequence current elimination included with transformer option Lockout function

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Adaptive differential relaying Consideration of CT- errors and comms-errors I Diff I1I1 I2I2 I Diff = I 1 + I 2 + I 3 Current summation: Max. error summation : I Diff> I1I1 I2I2 Trip, if diff.current exceeds the estimated error (=restraint) Restraint area Tripping area I Rest I Rest = I Diff> + e CT1 * I 1 + e CT2 * I 2 + Sync.error Max. measurement error (e) due to linear CT - error

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Settings for CT - parametrer c.t. e.g. 5P20, 10VA % tolerance at ALF N Thumb rule: R i  0,1...0,2 * R N R N at 10 VA  10  => R i  2  ALF e = ALF N P i + P N P i + P B With P B = P leads + P relay (  0,1 VA) = 2 VA + 10 VA 2 VA + 1 VA = 4 Resulting Relay Parameter: effective ALF / nominal ALF = 4 (calculation as per above) IEC 44 -1: tolerance in load area up to ALF e / ALF N : 1% with 5P, 3% with 10P c.t.s total error at accuracy limit n N = 5% with class, 5P and 10% 10 P ALF e ALF N C.t. Parameter

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Approximation of CT-tolerance Basis for the restraint current calculation is the estimated max. measurement error of the CT ALF e / ALF N I N,c.t : parameter 7SD610, 7SD52 I Diff I1I1 I1I1 Example: 10P10, e load < 3%, e Fault at k_ALF N = 10% Fault current tolerance Load current tolerance Tolerance of a real CT

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Restaint current calculted by the relay from the CT-datas I1I1 I2I2 e Load = 5% (3% + 2% safety magin) e Fault = 10% k Alf / k Alf,N =2 e I/I N,CT 1 5% 10% e Load = 5% e Fault = 10% k Alf / k Alf,N =1 e I/I N,CT 1 5% 10% 2 Both CT´s: 400:1, 10P10 I C =50 A Setting for I_Diff>: I Diff> = 2,5*I C / I N,CT = 125 A Restraint current calcuation by the relay (adaptive): I 1 = I 2 = 200 A: I Rest = I Diff> + 0,05*206 A + 0,05*200A = 125 A + 20 A = 145 A (=0,36) I 1 = I 2 = 600 A: I Rest = I Diff> + 0,1*600A + 0,05*600A = 125 A + 90 A = 215 A (=0,53) I 1 = I 2 = 1000 A: I Rest = I Diff> + 0,1*1000A + 0,1*1000A = 125 A A = 325 A (=0,82)

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 50% load

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Grafical view in a Browser screen with 50% load Currents (amount / phasor) Differential and restraint values

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 150% load

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Grafical view in a Browser screen with 150% load Currents (amount / phasor) Differential and restraint values

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Values displayed in DIGSI 4 with 250% load

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Grafical view in a Browser screen with 250% load Currents (amount / phasor) Differential and restraint values

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ To complete the 7SD610 Additional functions 3 stage backup- or emergency O/C protection (Can be activated automatically if the communication with the remote end is >50 ms interrupted) Overload function (Thermal replica with I Operation ) Breaker failure protection User definable logic and control functions (AND, OR, NOT, Timer, Flip-Flop) 4 remote commands via binary input or logic inputs Operational values: currents, voltages, power, delay time, differential current - remote end refresh 2 s Fault recorder with voltages, currents, binary traces and differential and restraint current per phase Fault records are exactly time synchronized at both line ends Fast monitoring functions Fast broken wire supervision, Current symmetry Switch On to Fault protection with breaker monitor Option: Three pole and single pole AR (Single pole AR during 2pole fault without earth possible, adaptive AR)

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Synchronous data transmission by HDLC- protocol - 32 bit CRC-checksum offers extreme high security Permanent supervision of the data transmission Microsecond resolution time tagging of the telegrams - Exact time synchonisation between both line terminals Two settable alarm levels - Data disturbance (detects gaps in a telegram stream) - Complete data failure (interruption of the data transmission) Measurement and compensation of transmission duration - max. 30 ms (adaptivily) Measurement of the availability of the comms link in per/min, per/h Blocking the diff.protection if transmission failure rate is too high Settings for the data transmission (N*64 kBit/s, N settable from 1 - 8, synchronous HDLC-protocol) Communication device addresses (Protection devices are clearly assigned to a defined protection section) Detection of reflected data in the loops in comms- network Familiar with digital communication networks Features of the relay to relay communication

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ I L1 _1 I L3 _1 I L2 _1 I L1 _2 I L2 _2 I L3 _2 Phi1->2 Transmission time duration measuement (delay time) Mean value of transmit and receive direction Test loop facility included - Helps to test the fibre or comms-link Absolute value and phase measurement of currents Local measurement of angle between I L1, I L2, I L3, Angle between currents of each phase from remote CB test trip Counting of faulty telegrams in % per minute and hour Activation of binary inputs and outputs by operating software DIGSI 4. Display of the status of binary inputs Test telegrams to the substation control system Test mode which can be activated via DIGSI, bin.input - Remote diff. is blocked from the local side Commissiong mode (diff. runs but doesn´t trip) Complete commissioning support with DIGSI 4 and browser based PC-software Plug and Protect Commissiong helps and test features

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Browser view - Startpage with overview Web-Server is running in the device. Homepage of the device settable with DIGSI (e.c. Serial access to the device via a standard Dial up Network under WINDOWS (R)

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Browser view - Local and remote measurements

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Browser view: Diff. and restraint measurements

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Comprehensive fault analysis with DIGRA 4 Exact time synchronized fault records from both line ends

20 Protection and Substation Control EV-S_V13_ Prefault and fault conditions in the vector diagram