Federal Aviation Administration Presented to: AABI Town Hall By: John Allen - Director, FAA Flight Standards Date: 15 February 2012 Flight Training: A Vision for Our Future

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 My Aviation Background I haven’t always been a bureaucrat Private pilot license in ’77 (AFROTC – Univ. Florida) T-37 AFUPT instructor from ’78 – ’82 (Willy) Flew C-141B & C for 20 straight years 18 years as an instructor pilot 13 years as an examiner pilot ATP (A-320 & L-300 hours Started FAA career in AQP as one of first 2 ASIs Learned much from training innovators (ex. Capt Ted Mallory, Dr Bob Helmreich and many others) Still flying – FAA Citation Exel

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Importance of the Aviation Sector Aviation sector is vital to our economy 11.5 million jobs $396 billion in wages

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Context for the FAA’s Work A viation is changing Pilot / AMT shortages Airframes, Airspace, Automation, Avionics B udget challenges C ongressional (& staff) interest HR 5900

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Challenge Demand is growing in emerging markets. Boeing study: Asia-Pacific will need 183,200 pilots over the next 20 years. Europe will need 92,500 pilots, North America 82,800, Latin America 41,200, the Middle East 36,600, Africa 14,300, and the CIS 9,900. Supply is constrained: Aviation consultant Tarver estimates that airlines will need to hire 42,090 pilots over the next decade The civil pilot training community will thus need to produce over 2,000 pilots per year.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Challenge Airmen (pilots & AMTs) Training time, expense (HR 5900) = looming shortages Changes in military “pipeline” (including UAS) Creative approaches to pilot / AMT training needed

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Challenge Earning potential Even after spending $150,000… Minimally qualified for the lowest rungs on the aviation career ladder. None of these jobs is likely to pay more than $30,000 per year -- and that income may be intermittent. Depending upon the career path, it will next be necessary for the pilot to accumulate over 1,000 hours of flight time to climb to the next rung on the career ladder.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Challenge Earning potential There are also concerns about the cost for A&P mechanic training. Without a reasonable long- term payoff, what are the incentives to enter this essential field?

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Training Needs Added to the economics challenge of developing new commercial pilots is the need to improve the training. The changing nature of aviation is requiring pilots with better training in aviation fundamentals, to include expanded curricula in: Recovery from unusual attitudes (including deep stalls and inverted flight) Power-off operations and energy management Aircraft management in the face of total automation and flight management system failures

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Training Future pilots will also need enhanced skills in: Abstract thinking Decision-making Workload prioritization Communication / CRM Risk management Pilots with a 4-year degree from a college/university are more successful commercial aviation’s intensive training environments and commercial pilot evaluations (2010 Pilot Source Study)

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision Select deserving students into a rigorous four- year aviation-oriented scholastic and certification program that will produce pilots with: A bachelor’s degree A commercial pilot certificate with multi- engine & instrument ratings.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision Curriculum would incorporate SMS and lessons learned from AQP, LOFT, and data from voluntary reporting programs. Existing aviation-oriented universities and part 141 training facilities will develop, conduct, and oversee the USAAP’s innovative education & certification programs.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision An independent board comprised of representatives from government, industry, labor, private donors, and academia will establish program standards and manage funding.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision Board’s proposed composition reflects stakeholders: Federal government Aviation industry Academia Prospective students

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision Financing shared by stakeholders Federal government Aviation industry Academia Prospective students

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision To graduate 2,000 students per year, the per-year USAAP funding by the DOT would be: Year 1 – 2,000 students starting: $45M ($90K-per student/4*2,000 ) Year 2 – 4,000 students (2 classes): contribution is $90M Year 3 – 6,000 students (3 classes): contribution is $135M Year 4 – 8,000 students (4 classes): contribution is $180M Year 5 – on-going steady-state level is 8,000 students in 4 classes: contribution $180M

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Alternative Plan USAAP pays costs for pilot training and certificates (private pilot and commercial with instrument and multi- engine ratings) along with ATP Certificate Program Student pilots bear cost for undergraduate education Students attending USAAP-participating schools have priority to enter USAAP Significantly reduces costs to industry and government ($100M per year for 2,000 pilot graduates per year- 2,000 * $50K Graduates go to part 135 or 91 operators to build time and earn experiential hours toward ATP or ATP-like

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 U.S. Aviation Academy Program Vision If this program is successful in developing and producing highly skilled pilots, it could serve as a template to produce aviation maintenance technicians. It could also address other professional skills gaps that may arise.

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 What Are The Next Steps? Need data and analysis to determine how dire the pilot shortage really is. Impact of automatic implementation of 1,500 ATP requirement on part 121 SIC to airlines Estimate over 13,000 pilots will need ATP and over 18,000 will need type rating Determine appropriate costs for a rigorous training and certification program to take student from “the street” up through ATP-like or ATP qualification Must formulate organization and message to garner industry, academic, political and public support Must find government funding mechanism (legislation?) Must identify legal method to establish education payoff notes

Federal Aviation Administration AABI Town Hall – 15 February 2012 Questions?