Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Business, Government and Society Government Intervention

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Private Goods Private  Can easily divided  Exclusive

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Public Goods Public: value to larger society  Can not be divided  Non-exclusive

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Scarcity Conflict between unlimited human wants and their limited resources Consequence - we must choose between wants and resource allocation

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Opportunities Cost Whenever the government chooses to do something over something else, the cost can also include a lost opportunity.

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Rational Choice Stable Preferences Constraints Information Maximize benefits and Minimize cost

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Business An individual or organization; Principle activity is providing a good or service to consumers; and Goal is to maximize financial rewards.

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Government “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Government Justice Domestic Tranquility National Defense General Welfare Liberty

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster General Welfare At the time the Constitution was written, it meant prosperity and well-being.

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Society An extended group Cultural ties Networks of relationships Economic relationships and dependencies

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Government Intervention Between Business and Society Lack of Choice Imperfect Information Promote Economic Activity Externalities

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Lack of Choice Private firm behavior Private firm structure

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Imperfect Information Product labeling “unfair and deceptive acts or practices” Consumer protection laws

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Government Intervention Between Business and Society Lack of Choice Imperfect Information Promote Economic Activity Externalities

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Policy Making Theories Pluralist  Open process Power elite  Small group of people who are the most informed make best decisions. Public choice  Market will make choices.  Competition is good Bureaucratic  Expertise

Copyright 2009, Hi Tech Criminal Justice, Raymond E. Foster Problems Pluralist  Assumes all groups are represented Power elite  Upper Class Bias  Right and Left wing distrust of government Public choice  People always act in their own self-interest  May not protect the public interest  Equity issues Bureaucratic  May be out of touch with citizens.  Fear of abuse.  Street level bureaucrat