DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of Impinging Jets to aid Nuclear Sludge bed resuspension.

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DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of Impinging Jets to aid Nuclear Sludge bed resuspension 1 Institute of Particle Science and Engineering, Leeds 2 School of Earth and Environment, Leeds Chetan Lakhanpal 1 Project Supervisors: Prof. Simon Biggs 1, Prof. Mike Fairweather 1, Dr Jeff Peakall 2

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Contents Ұ Problem Description Ұ Project Objectives Ұ Experimental facilities & Measurement techniques Ұ Preliminary Work Ұ Plans for future Ұ Questions

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Problem Description Legacy nuclear waste exist around various sites through out the world Settling out of solid particles hinders attempts to process waste, activity may generate thermal hot spots leading to corrosion and equipment damage Jet impingement used to re-suspend particles that form solid beds in storage ponds, tanks and silos Re-suspension characteristics of particles never studied using appropriate simulants Project will use experimental and numerical modelling to improve understanding and provide predictive capability for use in design, and optimisation of storage and processing arrangements Timely given development of experimental rigs at NNL to study impinging flows of relevance to particle re-suspension in high level waste plants, and industry interest in the development of Sludge Packaging Plant No. 1, both of which use impinging jets, in the form of pulse jet mixers, for sludge mobilization

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Problem Description Figure showing finned metallic container to store waste from Magnox programme

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Problem Description Figure showing Magnesium Hydroxide sludge sample

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Problem Description Figure showing a typical HAS tank

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Experimental Work Stage 1a:Orthogonal single phase jet impingement on flat plate Stage 1b:Comparison of results with those of other researchers Stage 2:Dilute multi phase jet impingement on flat plate Stage 3:Multi phase jet impingement on flat plate Stage 4:Multi phase jet impingement on settled beds

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Experimental Rig

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Experimental Rig Feed / over -flow tanks

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Measurement Techniques Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV)Ultra Doppler Velocity Profiling (UDVP)

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Preliminary Work Single phase jet impingement studies The Impingement of a jet on a flat surface

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Preliminary Work Single phase jet impingement studies The Wall Jet Poreh et al. (1961)

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Dye Experimentation To track fluid flow Parameters: Single phase, water in water Jet-to-plate separation = 2d Re = 20k

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Dye Experimentation

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Dye Experimentation VFA a b d c

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity Profiling y: vertical dist. from base; d: diameter of jet; U: velocity at a radial location; Vb: bulk velocity

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Ultrasonic Doppler Velocity Profiling y: vertical dist. from base; d: diameter of jet; U: velocity at a radial location; Vb: bulk velocity

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Comments Two layer shear flow phenomena noticed on jet impingement Qualitative understanding gained using Dye work and UDVP Jet Impingement is a complex 3d flow, parameters need to be optimized for different configurations. Reynolds number, tracer particle concentration, UVP parameters Good quantitative data can be obtained in far field regions using UVP PIV to be used for near field mapping

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Plans for Future Mean velocity and turbulence characteristics at 5d and 10d separations Particle Characterization Studies Move to multiphase jet impingement on settled beds Particle Size, Density, Solids Concentration, Fluid Viscosity, Particle size distribution, Particle shape, Zeta Potential, pH, Settling behaviour, Solids packing fraction, Yield stress

DIAMOND Decommissioning, Immobilisation and Management of Nuclear Wastes for Disposal Physical Modelling of an Impinging Jet on a Settled Bed Thank you for your attention. Any questions.