What was the code name for the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union ? Operation Barbarossa Why? Living Space, Oil, Wheat When? June 22, 1941 Who? 3 Million German troops attack along an 1800 mile front What? 3 Pronged attack – 1. Moscow 2. Kiev 3. Leningrad How? Blitzkrieg

Operation Barbarossa: Hitler’s Biggest Mistake

Operation Barbarossa: June 22, 1941 y 3,000,000 German soldiers. y 3,400 tanks.

Soviet Invasion Scorched earth policy - Stalin’s order to destroy anything of value (land, materials )that can be used by the Germans By November - Nazis control 40% of Soviet population and are near Moscow Hitler’s Big Mistake – Generals say take Moscow – Hitler spits his troops and sends some to Leningrad and Stalingrad- (Made it personal-Morale)

What is the Scorched Earth Policy? The Scorched Earth Policy is a military strategy or operational method in which the military destroys anything that may be useful to the enemy while advancing through or leaving an area. They burned crops, bridges, factories, and the railway system so the Germans would be unable to use them ? What affect will this have after the war ?

I wish the Soviet’s would quit burning everything and leave us some supplies. I know, I’m so hungry and worn down. German Soldiers

Soviet Invasion Stalin’s Plan : 3 Russian Generals - Time, Winter, Distance Nazi Problems: Thin Supply lines, Exhausted troops Lack of winter clothing By December Nazi’s are 20 miles from Moscow General Zhukov arrives with reserves (freed prisoners) from Siberia & winter sets in Nazis unable to take Moscow

Soviet Union Siege of Leningrad ( Nov Jan. 1944) Siege of Leningrad ( Nov Jan. 1944) – 1 Million Russians trapped inside Leningrad die of starvation, cold, disease

Siege of Leningrad: What It Was Also known as the Leningrad Blockade, it was an unsuccessful attack by the Axis powers – Germany, Italy, and Japan – to capture Leningrad. Capturing the Leningrad was part of Hitler’s plot to conquer the Soviet Union. This siege was one of the longest in history and the second most costly.

Preparing and Establishing the Siege The German army planned to surround the perimeter of Leningrad, however the Finnish army planned on doing the same thing. Once the perimeter had been fully encircled by German troops, the siege began, and continued on for the next 900 days.

The Siege Begins There were hundreds of thousands of people living in Leningrad at this time, and they endured endless hardships, including food shortages, no heating, and no water supply. Dogs and cats were disappearing off the streets, as they were becoming the main course for the starving in the streets. There were even rumors of cannibalism. The extremely cold winter didn’t help, either. Within two months, 200,000 people had died. Even then, they did not surrender.

The End of the Siege The 900-day siege finally ended in January 1943, but was not fully lifted for another year. With the help of the 1 st and 2 nd Baltic Armies, the German troops were pushed up to 100 km back. An estimated 1.2 million people died during the four years of the siege, mainly from starvation.

Churchill Refuses Stalin’s Request In July 1942, Germans were quickly approaching the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union The Soviet Union, being in desperate shape from the war, asked Churchill to create a second front to relieve his nation from the weight of battle That August, Churchill went to Moscow and told Stalin that there would be no second front in 1942 What did Stalin think about this ?

Battle Fronts Were in the East U.S. help, it’s just us against the Nazis. We’re not ready yet. We have to build up ourarmy again.

The U.S. and G.B. are delaying on purpose to weaken the USSR

By Lindsey Shook Stalingrad

Battle of Stalingrad Hitler Reasons - Destroy Russian Morale, Oil Stalin - Hold city at all costs Russians counterattack in Nov – Why? “General Winter” Russians encircle German army Hitler refuses to allow troops to retreat

Stalingrad was a very industrial city located on the Volga River. The Volga River connected a transportation route between the Caspian Sea and Northern Russia.

Occurred during the winter of It was one of the most violent battles in World War Two. The areas that Germany conquered during the day were taken back by Russia in the night. Many people consider this battle the turning point of World War Two. After this battle, the Germans began to withdraw from the war.

Hitler simply attacked Stalingrad because it was named after Stalin. He also did it to decrease Stalin’s and Russia’s morale. And to cut off trade for Northern Russia. This cut off included Russia’s oil trade, Russia would’ve suffered from this because Stalin had a new “war machine”.

Casualties Russian Casualties: 478,741 killed or missing 650,878 wounded and sick 40,000+ civilian dead 4,341 tanks 15,728 guns and mortars 2,769 combat aircraft Total: 1,129,619 casualties German Casualties: 750,000 killed or wounded 91,000 captured Aircraft: 900 (including 274 Transports and 165 Bombers used as Transports) Total: 841,000 casualties

The German’s Loss in Stalingrad Dummkopfs! You have lost the oil fields of Russia and Iran! How will we transport our armies and artillery to win the war now? What will power our machinery? The loss of the battle of Stalingrad was one of the biggest turning points of World War II. One of the biggest losses of the battle was the opportunity to harvest oil from Iran and Russia. This became a problem as the Germans now had no means of getting around, transporting troops, using tanks, or moving artillery and supplies. That’s going to be a slight problem, we’re out!

Battle of Stalingrad Turning point 1 st major defeat for Hitler broke the German Military - lose 20 Generals, best soldiers and equip. Germany no longer on the offensive on Eastern Front

Battle of Stalingrad: Winter of German ArmyRussian Army 1,011,500 men1,000,500 men 10,290 artillery guns13,541 artillery guns 675 tanks894 tanks 1,216 planes1,115 planes