Dental Anomalies Definition of anomaly- Noticeably different or deviates from norm.

Results from: Heredity Tooth Development Defeat Physical, chemical trauma Nutritional deficiencies Stress, habits, environmental

Hereditary- occurs because of individual genetic makeup Congenital- occurs at or before birth Developmental anomaly- during formation and development of dental structure.

VARIATION IN SIZE Macrodontia- too large Microdontia- too small

VARIATION IN NUMBER Anodontia or Hypodontia- too few Hyperdontia or Supernumerary- extra teeth

VARIATION IN FORM Peg-shaped teeth- max. lateral area Odontoma- tumorous calcified dental tissues

Dents in dente- tooth within a tooth Gemination- attempt of a tooth bud to divide

Fusion- 2 adjacent tooth germs unite. Dilaceration- severe bend in the root or tooth; usually found in 3rd molars

DISTURBANCES IN TOOTH FORMATION Enamel dysplasia- abnormal enamel development Enamel hypoplasia- may leave small pits or grooves at different levels in the crown; formed by a systemic interference (fever).

Amelogenesis Imperfecta- hereditary, hypocalcification, is very thin, stained various shades of yellow and brown, easily fractured. Enamel fluorosis- excessive fluoride, opaque white patches in enamel, may be mottled, striated, or pitted.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta- hereditary; effects the dentin Dentinogenesis imperfecta- hereditary; effects the dentin. Causes gray, brown or yellow, but tooth exhibits unusual translucent hue; pulp chambers and canals are filled with dentin.

Hypercementosis- excessive cementum formation around the apical third of root after the tooth had erupted. Tetracycline Staining- when expectant mother takes antibotic called tetracycline; teeth discolor

ERUPTION Natal teeth- present at birth; usually no root; shed soon Neo-natal teeth- erupt within the first 30 days of life; shed soon because of lack of adequate roots

Impaction- any tooth that remains unerupted in the jaw beyond the time it would normally erupt. Ankylosis- fusion of cementum or dentin with alveolar bone.

Attrition- gradual and regular loss of tooth substance Attrition- gradual and regular loss of tooth substance. Caused by bruxism (clenching), chewing tobacco, other oral habits (grinding). Abrasion- wearing away for dental hard tissue by friction of foreign body. Opening hair pins, excessive pipe smoking, ill fitting partial dentures.

Erosion- superficial loss of hard dental tissue by chemical process Erosion- superficial loss of hard dental tissue by chemical process. Sucking lemons, excessive grape juice, excessive cola Abnormal resorption- diagnosed by radiographs; rarely causes symptoms. Results from trauma. Impacted teeth, replanted avulsed teeth.