Chapter 4 Body Composition 5/23/2015 1

Student Learning Outcomes Define body composition & understand its relationship to healthy body weight. Identify the differences between essential & storage fat. 5/23/2015 2

Learning Outcomes Explain various techniques used to assess body composition. Be able to determine recommended weight, and understand the importance of waist-to-hip ratio & BMI. 5/23/2015 3

Body Composition Two components 5/23/2015 4

Essential & Storage Fat Essential & Storage Fat Essential fat Storage fat 5/23/2015 5

Essential Fat 5/23/2015 6

Storage Fat 5/23/2015 7

Fat serves 3 basic functions /23/2015 8

Introduction Assessment of body composition © Cengage Publishing LPFW 9

Overweight & Obesity Overweight & Obesity An adult who has a BMI between 25 & 29.9 An adult who has a BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese 5/23/

Overweight The CDC defines overweight as 5/23/

Obesity According to the CDC, obesity is defined 5/23/

Morbid Obesity 5/23/

Overweight/Obesity/Morbid Obesity 10% More than 100 pounds BMI>30 >50% of weight BMI 25 – 29.9 >30% 5/23/

Typical Body Composition of an Adult Man and Woman © Cengage Publishing LPFW 15

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Dual Energy X- Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) –Low-dose x-ray beams –Measurements –SEE is ± 1.8% © Cengage Publishing LPFW 16

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Air displacement –Person sits inside chamber –Body volume is determined –SEE is ± 2.2% © Cengage Publishing LPFW 17

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Hydrostatic Weighing –For decades has been the most precise technique used. –A person’s “regular” weight is compared with weight taken underwater. 5/23/

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Hydrostatic weighing –“Regular” weight vs. underwater weight Fat buoyancy –SEE is ± 2.5% –Drawbacks © Cengage Publishing LPFW 19

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Skinfold thickness –Subcutaneous fat –SEE is ± 3.5% –Use pressure calipers –Measure 3 to 7 sites Right side of body © Cengage Publishing LPFW 20

Skinfold Thickness 5/23/

Techniques to Assess Body Composition Girth measurements –Limited equipment necessary –SEE is ± 4% –Three measurements for women Upper arm, hip, and wrist –Two measurements for men Waist and wrist © Cengage Publishing LPFW 22

Bioelectrical Impedance 5/23/

Techniques to Assess Body Composition © Cengage Publishing LPFW 24

Disease Risk According to Body Mass Index (BMI) © Cengage Publishing LPFW 25

Mortality Risk Versus Body Mass Index (BMI) © Cengage Publishing LPFW 26

Disease Risk According to Waist Circumference © Cengage Publishing LPFW 27

Starting at age 25 © Cengage Publishing LPFW 28

Is it all about weight? What other factors should you consider? 5/23/

1. Accumulate how many minutes/steps of exercise? 2. Exercise at what type of pace? 3. What type of training is recommended 2- 3 times per week? 4. Use moderation when it comes to… 5. Regularly monitor your… 6. Do not allow drastic increases in… 5/23/ Body weight Brisk/ fast Muscular strength Daily diet 10, 000 steps or 60 min. BP/HDL/LDP & % body fat

Assess your knowledge 1. Essential fat in women is? 2. How many sites are used to assess body composition? 3. An acceptable BMI is between? 4. When a previously inactive person starts an exercise program, the person may… 5/23/ % 27/31% Gain Weight 12-17% Die

General Body Fat % Categories 1. Essential fat for men? 2. Men Athletes? 3. Fitness Category for men and women? 4. Acceptable category for men and women? 5. Obesity for men? 5/23/ % 6-13% 14-17% & 21-24% 18-25% & 22-28% Plus 25%

Answer questions from chapter 4 5/23/