Westward Expansion U.S. History Chapter 13

Lure of Oregon Families in search of good farmland kept moving farther west Oregon Country: huge region west of the Rocky Mountains. Plentiful rainfall and mild climate 1818: U.S. & Britain agreed to occupy Oregon jointly. Spain & Russia withdrew.

Fur Trappers in Far West 1 st Europeans and Americans in Oregon Country were fur trappers Mountain men: rugged individualists who lived off the land Rendezvous: place where people meet

Fur Trappers in Far West Fur trade died; trappers led settlers west Showed Indian trails to settlers heading west Discovered mountain passes that became major routes

Missionaries in Oregon Missionaries were 1 st permanent white Americans to settle in Oregon. Plan to convert Native Americans to Christianity Helped create interest in new territories

West to Oregon Oregon Trail, leaving from Independence, Missouri to West Difficult journey: sickness was biggest threat. Bad weather, hostile Native Americans

Americans in Texas Mexicans agreed to let Americans settle in Texas Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.; began conflict with settlers Settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico

Americans in Texas Alamo: outnumbered Texans resisted Mexican troops Siege: enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort Fall of the Alamo: Texans wanted revenge

Texas becomes Republic Texans defeated Santa Anna at San Jacinto Texans became independent republic after the battle Mexico refused to recognize Texas independence

Texas becomes State Texas admitted to Union in 1845 Congress passed a joint resolution accepting annexation treaty Annex: to add on

Santa Fe Trail Santa Fe Trail: ran from Missouri to the New Mexico Territory in the west Missouri merchants were 1 st travelers along this route

Santa Fe Trail Mountain man, William Becknell, was 1 st to lead settlers along the Santa Fe trail.

Manifest Destiny

America would expand from coast to coast Americans believed westward expansion would offer new economic opportunities

Polk Declares War President Polk favored expansion When American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande, Polk urged Congress to declare war on Mexico

New Mexico added to U.S. U.S. acquired New Mexico territory as result of the Mexican War Treaty of Guadalupe- Hidalgo: Mexican cession Cede: give up territory

Mormons Settle Utah Seeking refuge from religious persecution Refuge: a safe place Social and religious values clashed with those of other settlers

California Gold Rush Sutter’s Mill caused “gold fever.” ’49ers Greed led to vigilantes & lynching; self- appointed law enforcement hanged accused without a trial

Cultural Mix American, Spanish, Mexican, Native American, Chinese Americans, African Americans rushed to CA

Native Americans Lived under both Spanish and Mexican rule: worked on missions and ranches Mistreated Native Americans lost land and lives after Gold Rush

Mexican Influences Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by teaching new irrigation techniques and mining skills.

Good Luck on your test!

Review Who were the first permanent American white settlers in Oregon? A. Fur Trappers B. Missionaries C. Mormons

Review Who were the first permanent American white settlers in Oregon? A. Fur Trappers B. Missionaries C. Mormons

Review What does “lynch” mean? A. give up B. attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city C. execute without a legal trial

Review What does “lynch” mean? A. give up B. attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city C. execute without a legal trial

Review What is a “rendezvous”? A. place were one is safe B. place were people meet C. place of execution

Review What was the biggest threat to those who traveled West in wagon trains? A. illnesses such as cholera B. lack of leadership C. snowstorms

Review What was the biggest threat to those who traveled West in wagon trains? A. illnesses such as cholera B. lack of leadership C. snowstorms

Review Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s? A.Settlers wanted to throw out the Mexican constitution B.Mexico wanted to sell Texas to Spain C.Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.

Review Why did American settlers in Texas come into conflict with Mexico in the 1830s? A.Settlers wanted to throw out the Mexican constitution B.Mexico wanted to sell Texas to Spain C.Mexico feared losing Texas to the U.S.

Review What led settlers and trappers to move to Oregon and the Far West in the 1820s? a.Offers of jobs in the shipbuilding industry b.Lure of fertile lands, plentiful rainfall and mild climate c.The absence of Native Americans

Review What led settlers and trappers to move to Oregon and the Far West in the 1820s? a.Offers of jobs in the shipbuilding industry b.Lure of fertile lands, plentiful rainfall and mild climate c.The absence of Native Americans

Review Why did the Mormons move west to settle in Utah? A.They sought jobs on the railroads B.They wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity C.They hoped to escape religious persecution

Review Why did the Mormons move west to settle in Utah? A.They sought jobs on the railroads B.They wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity C.They hoped to escape religious persecution

Review What is a “siege”? A.Place where one is safe B.Attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort C.Place where people meet

Review What is a “siege”? A.Place where one is safe B.Attack in which enemy forces surround and try to capture a city or fort C.Place where people meet

Review How did the U.S. and Britain settle their dispute over Oregon? A.The U.S. bought the territory from Britain B.The U.S. and Britain agreed to divide the land C.The U.S. seized the land with military force

Review How did the U.S. and Britain settle their dispute over Oregon? A.The U.S. bought the territory from Britain B.The U.S. and Britain agreed to divide the land C.The U.S. seized the land with military force

Review Which group of rugged individualists lived off the land in Oregon? A.Mountain Men B.Missionaries C.Tejanos

Review Which group of rugged individualists lived off the land in Oregon? A.Mountain Men B.Missionaries C.Tejanos

Review What does “cede” mean? A.To meet B.Give up C.Attack enemies by surrounding the city or fort

Review What does “cede” mean? A.To meet B.Give up C.Attack enemies by surrounding the city or fort

Review Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by A.Teaching Americans how to hunt in the desert B.Teaching Americans new irrigation techniques and mining skills C.Changing Americans’ views about Manifest Destiny

Review Mexicans influenced American culture in the Southwest by A.Teaching Americans how to hunt in the desert B.Teaching Americans new irrigation techniques and mining skills C.Changing Americans’ views about Manifest Destiny

Review What final incident caused President Pok to urge Congress to declare war on Mexico? A.The U.S. expanded to the Pacific ocean B.American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande C.Mexico rejected Polk’s offer to buy CA and NM

Review What final incident caused President Pok to urge Congress to declare war on Mexico? A.The U.S. expanded to the Pacific ocean B.American and Mexican troops clashed near the Rio Grande C.Mexico rejected Polk’s offer to buy CA and NM

Review Which of the following caused Texans to seek revenge against Santa Anna’s troops? A.The fall of the Alamo B.The treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo C.The battle of San Jacinto

Review Which of the following caused Texans to seek revenge against Santa Anna’s troops? A.The fall of the Alamo B.The treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo C.The battle of San Jacinto

Review What is a “refuge”? A.Place where one is safe from persecution B.Place where people meet C.Place where people are executed

Review What is a “refuge”? A.Place where one is safe from persecution B.Place where people meet C.Place where people are executed

Review Which of the following statements about mountain men is NOT true? A.They showed Indian trails to settlers who headed west B.They discovered mountain passes that later became major routes to the West C.They were the first white Americans to settle permanently in Oregon

Review Which of the following statements about mountain men is NOT true? A.They showed Indian trails to settlers who headed west B.They discovered mountain passes that later became major routes to the West C.They were the first white Americans to settle permanently in Oregon

Review What was one challenge faced by the “Lone Star Republic”? A.The U.S. refused to recognize its independence B.Mexico refused to recognize its independence C.American and German settlers fought over the issue of slavery

Review What was one challenge faced by the “Lone Star Republic”? A.The U.S. refused to recognize its independence B.Mexico refused to recognize its independence C.American and German settlers fought over the issue of slavery

Review What development immediately followed the Texan victory at San Jacinto? A.Texas became an independent republic B.Santa Anna made Texas a Mexican province C.American settlers were forced to leave Texas

Review What development immediately followed the Texan victory at San Jacinto? A.Texas became an independent republic B.Santa Anna made Texas a Mexican province C.American settlers were forced to leave Texas

Review Which of the following caused conflict between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government? A.Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to the U.S. B.Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico C.Most settlers helped Santa Anna gain power in Mexico

Review Which of the following caused conflict between American settlers in Texas and the Mexican government? A.Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to the U.S. B.Most of the settlers felt no loyalty to Mexico C.Most settlers helped Santa Anna gain power in Mexico

Review At what battle did Texans defeat Santa Anna and win independence? A.Gonzales B.The Alamo C.San Jacinto

Review At what battle did Texans defeat Santa Anna and win independence? A.Gonzales B.The Alamo C.San Jacinto

Review How was Texas admitted to the Union? A.Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty B.Mexico sold Texas to the U.S. C.The President issued an executive order accepting the annexation treaty

Review How was Texas admitted to the Union? A.Congress passed a joint resolution accepting the annexation treaty B.Mexico sold Texas to the U.S. C.The President issued an executive order accepting the annexation treaty

Review How did the belief in Manifest Destiny contribute to the westward expansion of the U.S.? A.Americans believed they could learn from other cultures B.Americans believed expansion would offer new economic opportunities C.U.S. government believed it should invade Mexico

Review How did the belief in Manifest Destiny contribute to the westward expansion of the U.S.? A.Americans believed they could learn from other cultures B.Americans believed expansion would offer new economic opportunities C.U.S. government believed it should invade Mexico

Review Why did Mormons leave their settlement in Ohio and move west? A.The valley where they settled had frequent floods B.They were frequently attacked by Native Americans C.Their social and religious beliefs clashed with those of other settlers

Review Why did Mormons leave their settlement in Ohio and move west? A.The valley where they settled had frequent floods B.They were frequently attacked by Native Americans C.Their social and religious beliefs clashed with those of other settlers

Review Which of the following did the U.S. acquire as a result of the Mexican war? A.New Mexico B.Texas C.Oregon

Review Which of the following did the U.S. acquire as a result of the Mexican war? A.New Mexico B.Texas C.Oregon

Review Which of the following was NOT a danger faced by settlers on wagon trains? A.Cholera B.Attacks by mountain men C.Rain-swollen rivers

Review Which of the following was NOT a danger faced by settlers on wagon trains? A.Cholera B.Attacks by mountain men C.Rain-swollen rivers

Review What role did missionaries play in the settlement of the West? A.They organized wagon trains of settlers to establish new churches in the West B.They helped build the port city of San Francisco C.They helped to create interest in the new territories

Review What role did missionaries play in the settlement of the West? A.They organized wagon trains of settlers to establish new churches in the West B.They helped build the port city of San Francisco C.They helped to create interest in the new territories

Review What trail ran from Missouri to New Mexico territory? A.Oregon Trail B.Santa Fe Trail C.’49er Trail

Review What trail ran from Missouri to New Mexico territory? A.Oregon Trail B.Santa Fe Trail C.’49er Trail

Review Which pioneer was the fist to lead Americans across the Santa Fe trail? A.Brigham Young B.William Becknell C.Stephen F. Austin

Review Which pioneer was the fist to lead Americans across the Santa Fe trail? A.Brigham Young B.William Becknell C.Stephen F. Austin

Review Who were the first travelers along the Santa Fe Trail? A.Fur trappers B.Mormons C.Missouri merchants

Review Who were the first travelers along the Santa Fe Trail? A.Fur trappers B.Mormons C.Missouri merchants

Review Native Americans in CA were NOT described in this way A.Were vaqueros on cattle ranches B.Worked on missions C.Led easy lives

Review Native Americans in CA were NOT described in this way A.Were vaqueros on cattle ranches B.Worked on missions C.Led easy lives