DNA Rep & Protein Syn. 1928 – Griffith Transformation Experiment.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Rep & Protein Syn

1928 – Griffith Transformation Experiment

1941-Avery, McCarty, MacLeod

1952-Hershey & Chase

1952-Rosalind Franklin

1953-Watson & Crick

Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes

DNA Structure Deoxyribonucleic Acid Double Helix Made of nucleotides Pentose Sugar (deoxyribose) Phosphate Nitrogenous Base A-T / C-G

Nucleotide

Nitrogenous Bases

Base Pairing

DNA is AntiParallel

DNA is still AntiParallel

How?

Possible Models for DNA Replication

Step 1

Step 2

DNA Replication Animation hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535 ::535::/sites/dl/free/ /120076/micr o04.swf::DNA%20Replication%20Fork hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535 ::535::/sites/dl/free/ /120076/micr o04.swf::DNA%20Replication%20Fork

Think About It If your DNA has 6 billion base pairs and generally there is one mistake made for every 100,000bp that are copied during replication, how many errors should result each time you copied your DNA? How many errors result in reality? Why?

Protein Synthesis Overview

RNA Structure Ribonucleic Acid Single Strand of nucleotides Pentose Sugar (ribose) Phosphate Nitrogenous Base A-U / C-G

RNA Nucleotide

3 Types of RNA mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

Protein Synthesis Step 1 – Transcription Step 2 – Translation

Transcription Definition RNA Polymerase DNA Terminator 5’ Cap Poly – A Tail

Transcription Animation hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/cha pter3/animation__mrna_synthesis__transcripti on___quiz_2_.html hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/cha pter3/animation__mrna_synthesis__transcripti on___quiz_2_.html

mRNA Processing hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter 16/animation_-_exon_shuffling.html

Translation Definition

mRNA Codons thedogbitthecatforfun the dog bit the cat for fun aug uuu cgc ggg cua aga uaa

tRNA

Ribosome

Codons

Codons

Translation Animation hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter3/animat ion__how_translation_works.html hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter3/animat ion__how_translation_works.html

Protein Folding

Protein Processing hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter2/animat ion__protein_denaturation.html hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter2/animat ion__protein_denaturation.html

Gene Regulation Repressible Operon – trp Operon Inducible Operon – lac Operon

trp Operon

lac Operon

cAMP & lac Operon

lac Operon Animation hill.com/sites/ x/student_view0/chapter13/anim ation_quiz_- _combination_of_switches__the_lac_operon.html hill.com/sites/ x/student_view0/chapter13/anim ation_quiz_- _combination_of_switches__the_lac_operon.html

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