Clay Vocabulary  Clay –A mixture of sand, dirt, water and minerals.  Ceramics –Clay that has been fired to create products such as pottery, bricks, tiles and sculpture.

Clay Vocabulary Types of clay  Terra Cotta (a choice, limited) –Low fire clay. Fires at 1800’, red in color –White art clay, low fire, best for –sculpture

Clay Vocabulary Prepare the Clay  Knead –Mix the clay by folding, pressing, and stretching the clay.  Air Bubbles –Air that is trapped in the clay –Will explode in the kiln if not removed through kneading

*  Judy Chicago : female artist who creates 3-D plates to celebrate famous women Judy Chicago The Dinner Party various media 48 ft. each side

Greek: Pottery that illustrates a story Characteristics: 1. Remarkable achievements in the arts, philosophy, architecture 2. Refined narrative decoration 3. Human “life-like” figures are emphasized

Black-figure Amphora Red-figure Krater

Olpe

Amphora Lekythos

Tile : a flat surface with a design that can be raised or carved

Firing: process that heats clay to 1800 F for 5-6 hours

Slab: clay that has been rolled flat

Relief Sculpture: a carved design that is 3-D, has a raised surface

Clay Vocabulary  Join /Weld - to attach two pieces of clay together  Slip –Clay + Water = Clay glue –Liquid Clay  Score –Roughing up (scraping) the clay –For attaching clay together

 Plastic – clay that is flexible and wet Easily molded and shaped Clay Vocabulary Stages of Clay

 Leather Hard –1 st day of drying, easily carved –Clay is cold, stiff, and leathery  Greenware –Completely dry pottery (but not fired) –Most fragile!  Bisque – Clay that is fired once. Greenware

 Raised – Making a design that comes up off the surface, 3-D with added clay

Foreground: Closest to viewer (highest level) Middle ground : between front & back Back ground: farthest from viewer (lowest level)

 Carved- Forming a design by using sharp tools Levels

Clay Vocabulary Firing  Smoothing - Remove all texture with sponge and water  Firing –Fire clay 1400 degrees 6-8 hours  Kiln –Furnace used to fire clay  Glaze –Waterproof, Glass-paint

Shapes and Feet of Bowls

Tools Wood Paddle Sticks: flat paddle that “smacks” lumps and helps to shape clay forms Modeling Tools: wooden or plastic tools that shape, cut, attach, decorate clay Loop Tools: wire edged tools that cut, carve, and get lumps out of the clay form

Slab roller/ rolling pin: tool used to flatten clay Carving knives: sharp edged tools that can cut, score, carve and put details into clay Kiln: oven used to fire the clay

Finishing the Surface Patina: painting a surface to create a “faux” look, also creates an aged/antique appearance Pigment Dust: shimmery powder applied with modge podge Glaze: glass like paint that is water proof, protects clay surface, and is food friendly Modge Podge: a varnish that protects a painted surface

Plate & cup: matching design

3-D Clay Tile

Sculpture …

Clay Designs Carved: subtractive, made by taking away clay with a pointed object Painted: can be applied after bisque firing, with glaze or acrylic paint Texture: made on a slab with tools