Chapter 11 – Fossil Fuels. Energy Information Association.

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Copyright © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11 – Fossil Fuels

Energy Information Association

Cost KWH

Coal Creation MYA Carboniferous Period

Coal Types 1. Lignite (Lowest Quality) Carbon content low Low Sulfur 2. Subbituminous Coal Carbon content medium Lowest sulfur content - power plants 3. Bituminous Coal Carbon content high High sulfur content Most plentiful form of coal in the United States 4. Anthracite (Highest Quality) Carbon content highest Low sulfur content Limited Supply

Coal Reserves

Coal Two basic types of Coal Mining: 1) Subsurface (underground) 2) Surface

Two Strategies

Long Wall & Pillar Mining

Underground Black Lung Disease

China

Size Matters

Powder River Strip Mining

Strip or Highwall Mining

Extraction 1.Soil Removed 2.Overburden Removed 3.Coal Removed 4.Recontouring - reclamation 5.Soil Replaced - reclamation 6.Revegetation - ongoing Overburden becomes Spoil Bank Overburden VS Tailings

Mountain Top Removal

A Ton of Coal

Coal Pollution In order of Quantity CO 2 SO 2 PM 10 No x CO Hydrocarbons VOC’s Hg – Mercury As - Arsenic Pb - Lead Contributes to: 1.Acid Rain 2.Smog 3.Global Climate Change Greatest producer of CO 2 of any fossil fuel

Clean Coal = Healthy Cigarette Clean Coal Scrubbers Fluidized-bed combustion Liquid Coal Carbon Sequestering SO x and NO x reduced

Clean Coal = Carbon Sequestering

Coals Future

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