Muscular System Objectives: 1.Review anatomical terminology. 2.Review types of joint movements. 3.Compare and contrast types of muscle.

What is the opposite of: 1.Inferior 2.Anterior 3.Medial 4.Distal 5.Superficial

More review and assignments: Figure 17-2 (Lab Manual) Venn diagram of the three types of muscle. Add any other general information you know about muscle. Homework: –Add Chapter 8 roots, prefixes, and suffixes to medical terminology sheet (Vocabulary quiz on Wednesday!!!) –Medical journal article on a disease or disorder of the muscular system due on test day

Muscle Tissues 1.Skeletal muscle tissue (“voluntary”) –Long, threadlike cells –Striations: alternating light and dark cross- markings –Each cell has many nuclei just beneath the cell membrane.

Muscle Tissues (cont.) 2. Smooth muscle tissue (“involuntary”) –No striations –Cells are shorter than skeletal muscle, spindle- shaped, and have one, centrally located nucleus. –Line walls of internal organs

Muscle Tissues (cont.) 3. Cardiac muscle tissue – heart –Striated and joined end-to-end –Each cell has only one nucleus. ???

Types of Muscle Tissue (p.185):

Skeletal Muscle Actions Movement depends on type of joint the muscle is associated with Origin & Insertion: –Origin – the end of the muscle that is fastened to a relatively immovable or fixed part –Insertion – the end connected to the movable part on the other side of the joint –When muscles contract, its insertion is pulled toward its origin (EX: biceps brachii)

Interaction of Skeletal Muscles Prime mover – the muscle responsible for MOST of the movement (aka, agonist) Synergist - ??? Antagonist - ???

Major Skeletal Muscles Names may indicate location, size, shape, action, number of attachments, or direction of muscle fibers: Pectoralis major Deltoid Extensor digitorum Biceps brachii Sternocleidomastoid External oblique

Muscles of Facial Expression “It takes more muscles to frown than it does to smile.” More than 600 skeletal muscles in the body – 60 in the face! –40 used to frown –20 used to smile Smallest muscle is the stapedius, in the middle ear Largest - ??? Longest - ???

Muscles of Facial Expression (p.188) and Mastication (p.190) ***Epicranius has 2 parts: frontalis and occipitalis.

Muscles That Move the Head Add these muscles to your head drawing.