HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS

How Do You Move? Muscles and bones work together, making your body move. The nervous system tells your muscles when to act.

MUSCULAR SYSTEM Made of muscles that cause parts of your body move. Skeletal muscles move bones. Muscles are attached to bones by tendons. Cardiac muscles make your heart beat and pump blood through your body. Smooth muscles are found in many of your organs. Move food through your digestive system. Make you breathe, cough, and sneeze. Some muscles work in pairs. (biceps and triceps)

SKELETAL SYSTEM Made of bones and cartilage. Supports your body and gives it shape. Protects your internal organs. Ligaments hold bones together. Allows you to move when muscles pull on bones. Stores minerals such as calcium. Produces blood cells. Two or more bones meet at a joint. Joints allow different kinds of movement.

Which Systems Move Materials in Your Body? The circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and excretory systems play key roles in moving materials in your body.

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Moves blood throughout your body. Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to all cells. Blood removes carbon dioxide and wastes from cells. Helps fight disease – white blood cells. Organs: heart, blood vessels – arteries, veins, capillaries

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Takes in oxygen from the air you inhale or breathe in. Gets rid of waste gases (carbon dioxide and water vapor) when you exhale or breathe out. Organs: mouth, nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Breaks down food into nutrients that your cells can use. Gets rid of solid wastes from digestion. Organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, gall bladder, pancreas, large intestine, rectum, and anus

EXCRETORY SYSTEM Removes wastes that your cells produce. Liquid wastes and waste gases are removed from your body. Organs: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, skin, lungs.

Which Systems Control Body Functions? The nervous system and the endocrine system work together to control body functions.

NERVOUS SYSTEM Controls all of your body’s activities. None of your other systems would function without your nervous system. Receives information about your environment. Stores memories. Allows you to think. Organs: brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Controls growth, development, and energy processes by releasing chemicals called hormones. Helps maintain homeostasis. Structures: glands (thyroid, pancreas, adrenals, pituitary, and others)