AS Level - Week 2 Theory Module 1 Fitness, Health and Components of fitness

Fitness “The ability to meet the demands of your environment or lifestyle” “The ability to undertake everyday activities without undue fatigue” Health “A state of physical and social and mental well-being, where we are free from disease.”

Components of Fitness The components of fitness relate to the requirements of a given sporting activity, and can help to explain success or failure. The components of fitness relate to the requirements of a given sporting activity, and can help to explain success or failure. However, a person’s overall level of fitness is made up of two sub- components or dimensions. Health-RelatedSkill-Related

Health-related Those dimensions of fitness that are physiologically based and determine how well a performer can meet the physical demands of an activity.Skill-related Those dimensions of fitness that are based on the interaction of the neuromuscular system and determine how successfully a performer can carry out a specific skill. N/B -A person may be physically suited to tennis, possessing the necessary speed, endurance and strength requirements, but lacks the hand eye co-ordination to hit the ball successfully.

HEALTH Body Composition SpeedPower Muscular Endurance Maximum Strength Cardio Endurance Flexibility SKILL Agility Reaction Time Balance Co- ordination PowerSpeed Components of Fitness

Health Related Muscular The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to sustain Endurancerepeated contractions against a resistance for an extended period of time. MaximumThe ability of the body to apply a force. Strength CardioThe ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems Enduranceto take in and transport oxygen to the working muscles where it can be utilized and aerobic performance maintained. Also known as aerobic capacity. FlexibilityThe range of movement possible at a joint. Body The physiological make-up of the body with regards to Compositionrelative amounts and distribution of muscle and fat.

Skill Related AgilityThe ability to move and change direction and position of the body quickly while maintaining good body control and without loss of speed. ReactionThe time taken to initiate a response to a given stimulus. Time BalanceThe maintenance of the body’s centre of mass over the base of support. This can be static or dynamic (moving). Co-The interaction of the motor and nervous systems and the Ordinationability to perform motor tasks accurately and effectively.

Applicable to Both Health and Skill related Components SpeedThe maximum rate that a person can move over a specific distance, and or, the ability to put body parts into motion quickly. PowerThe amount of work done per unit of time; the product of strength and speed. Task On the sheets provided tick the two components of fitness that you think are the most important for each activity. Then in a different colour tick two more which you think would be desirable to enhance performance.

Activity SpeedStrengthAerobic Capacity Muscular Endurance FlexibilityPowerReaction Time AgilityBalanceCo- Ordination Body Type Swimming Squash Marathon Tennis Cycling Rugby Sprinting X Country Sking Aerobics Basketball Judo GymVaulting Badminton Netball Cricket