The Human Body in Health and Disease Chapter 2

Anatomic Reference Systems Describe the location and functions of body parts using: Body planes Body directions Body cavities Structural units (continues)

Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)

Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)

Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)

Click Here to play Body Planes animation

Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)

Anatomic Reference Systems (continues)

Anatomic Reference Systems

Cytology The study of the formation, structure, and function of cells, including: Chromosomes DNA Genetics (continues)

Cytology

Histology The study of tissues, which are composed of cells that join together to perform specific functions, including: Stem cells Epithelial tissues Connective tissues Muscle tissue

Glands Specialized cells that secrete material used elsewhere in the body, including: Exocrine glands Endocrine glands (continues)

Glands

Exocrine and Endocrine Glands Click Here to play Exocrine and Endocrine animation

Organ and Body Systems Body parts are organized into systems according to function. Examples: Skeletal system Muscular system Cardiovascular system

Pathology The study of structural and functional changes caused by disease.

Key Word Parts and Definitions aden/o gland adip/o fat anter/o before, front caud/o lower part of body, tail (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions cephal/o head cyt/o, -cyte cell end-, endo- in, within, inside exo- out of, outside, away from (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions hist/o, histi/o tissue -ologist specialist -ology the science or study of path/o, -pathy disease, suffering, feeling, emotion (continues)

Key Word Parts and Definitions plas/i, plas/o, -plasia development, growth, formation poster/o behind, toward the back -stasis, -static control, maintenance of a constant level

Questions to Get You Thinking

Question A chromosome is larger than a gene. True or False?

Answer True

Question Peas have 14 pairs of chromosomes and pigeons have 80. How many do humans have? 100 145 46

Answer c. 46

Question Stem cells die after a determined life span. True or False?

Answer False. Unlike other cells that die after a determined life span, stem cells can renew themselves through cell division.

Question A communicable disease and a contagious disease are the same thing. True or False

Answer True

Answers to Learning Exercises

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 1 2.1. adip/o 2.2. anter/o 2.3. aden/o 2.4. -ologist 2.5. -ology Matching Word Parts 2 2.6. cyt/o 2.7. cephal/o 2.8. caud/o 2.9. exo- 2.10. endo-

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Word Parts 3 2.11. poster/o 2.12. -stasis 2.13. path/o 2.14. -plasia 2.15. hist/o Definitions 2.16. nosocomial infection 2.17. dominant gene 2.18. abdominal cavity 2.19. medial 2.20. adult stem 2.21. phenylketonuria 2.22. adenitis 2.23. parietal peritoneum 2.24. gene 2.25. histology

Chapter 2 Answers Matching Regions of the Thorax and Abdomen 2.26. epigastric region 2.27. umbilical region 2.28. hypochondriac region 2.29. hypogastric region 2.30. iliac region Which Word? 2.31. inguinal 2.32. genetics 2.33. epidemiologist 2.34. exocrine glands 2.35. inferior

Chapter 2 Answers Spelling Counts 2.36. mesentery 2.37. hemophilia 2.38. hypertrophy 2.39. epithelial 2.40. anomaly Abbreviation Identification 2.41. Huntington’s disease 2.42. communicable disease 2.43. general practitioner 2.44. left upper quadrant 2.45. chromosome

Chapter 2 Answers Term Selection 2.46. proximal 2.47. posterior 2.48. frontal 2.49. midsagittal 2.50. distal Sentence Completion 2.51. Down syndrome 2.52. physiology 2.53. thoracic 2.54. iatrogenic 2.55. chromosomes

Chapter 2 Answers Word Surgery 2.56. aden, -ectomy 2.57. endo-, -crine 2.58. hist, -ologist 2.59. retro-, periton, -eal 2.60. path, -ologist 2.61. eti-, -ology 2.62. home/o, -stasis 2.63. pan-, dem, -ic 2.64. epi-, gastr, -ic 2.65. idi/o, path, -ic Clinical Conditions 2.66. epidemic 2.67. functional 2.68. bloodborne 2.69. cytology 2.70. vector borne 2.71. quadrant 2.72. waterborne 2.73. pelvic 2.74. peritonitis 2.75. geneticist

Chapter 2 Answers Which Is the Correct Medical Term? 2.76. iliac 2.77. genome 2.78. adenocarcinoma 2.79. loose 2.80. fetal alcohol syndrome Challenge Word Building 2.81. myoplasty 2.82. myalgia 2.83. gastrosis 2.84. laryngitis 2.85. myectomy 2.86. gastralgia 2.87. laryngectomy 2.88. nephrosis 2.89. neuroplasty 2.90. nephritis

Chapter 2 Answers Labeling Exercises 2.91. hypochondriac 2.92. umbilical 2.93. hypogastric 2.94. lumbar 2.95. iliac 2.96. midsagittal 2.97. anterior 2.98. lateral 2.99. posterior 2.100. transverse