Section 2.1 Notes Conditional Statements. Conditional Statement A type of logic statement that has two parts: a hypothesis and a conclusion We will write.

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Presentation transcript:

Section 2.1 Notes Conditional Statements

Conditional Statement A type of logic statement that has two parts: a hypothesis and a conclusion We will write the conditional statements in If-Then Form. When written in this form the if part is the _____________ and the then part is the ____________. conclusion hypothesis

Example 1: Write in If-Then form and state the hypothesis and conclusion 1) Two points are collinear if they lie on the same line. If-Then Form: Hypothesis:______________________ Conclusion:_________________ If two points lie on the same line, then they are collinear. Two points lie on the same line they are collinear

Example 2: Write in If-Then form and state the hypothesis and conclusion 2) All mammals breathe oxygen. If-Then Form: Hypothesis:_______________ Conclusion:_______________ If an animal is a mammal, then it breathes oxygen. an animal is a mammal it breathes oxygen

More Logic Definitions The negative of a statement is the _________. Its symbol is the ~. (tilda) ____________ is a statement formed by switching the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement. ________ is a statement formed by negating the hypothesis and the conclusion of a conditional statement. _____________ is a statement formed by negating the hypothesis and the conclusion of the converse of a conditional statement. negation Converse Inverse Contrapositive

Example 3: Write each statement and decide T or F 1) Conditional Statement: If m<A = 30°, the <A is acute. Converse: _____________________________ Inverse:_______________________________ Contrapositive:_________________________ If <A is acute, then the m<A = 30 º False, because an acute angle can be from 0 to 89.9 If m<A ≠ 30 º, then <A is not acute False, could be a 20 o angle If <A is not acute, then m<A≠ 30 º True

2) Conditional Statement: If an animal is a fish, then it can swim. Converse: _____________________________ Inverse:_______________________________ Contrapositive:_________________________ If an animal can swim, then it is a fish False; other animals can swim (turtle) True If an animal is not a fish, then it can’t swim If an animal can’t swim, then it is not a fish Example 4: Write each statement and decide T or F

When two statements are both true or both false, they are called In the ex 3 and 4, which statements are equivalent? equivalent statements Example 1: Example 2: Contrapositive and C.S. Converse and Inverse C.S. and Contrapositive Converse and Inverse This will always be the case

Point, Line, and Plane Postulates Postulate 5: Through any two points there exists exactly _______________. Postulate 6: A _______ contains at least two points. Postulate 7: If two lines intersect, then their intersection is exactly ___________. Postulate 8: Through any three noncollinear points there exists exactly ______________. oneline line one point one plane

Postulates ctd. Postulate 9: A _________ contain at least three noncollinear points. Postulate 10: If two points lie in a plane, then the line containing them lies in the _________. Postulate 11: If two planes intersect, then their intersection is a __________. plane a line