International Institute of Refrigeration Atmosphere 2009 The role of IIR in the promotion of Natural Refrigerants Didier COULOMB, Director of the International Institute of Refrigeration International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) - Brussels, Belgium October 19-20, 2009

International Institute of Refrigeration Member Countries Intergovernmental organization 62 Member Countries Developed and developing countries

International Institute of Refrigeration The IIR - Members Member Countries Commission Members (nominated by countries) Corporate and Private Members - Private companies (equipment, utilities, food and health products,… ), Consultants, Universities,… - For a valuable and updated information Country Category Number of countries Number of Commission Members per country

International Institute of Refrigeration Mission of the IIR The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is the only independent intergovernmental organization which promotes knowledge of refrigeration and associated technologies that are necessary for life in a science-based, cost-effective and environmentally sustainable manner including: Food quality and safety from farm to consumer Comfort in homes and commercial buildings Health products and services Low temperatures and liquefied gas technologies Energy efficiency Use of non-ozone depleting and low global warming refrigerants in a safe manner

International Institute of Refrigeration Selection of scientific, technical and economical articles from all over the world, in various languages, included in a database: Fridoc entries keywords authors Periodicals - International Journal of Refrigeration for scientific articles with a peer-review selection The best impact factor in its field - Newsletter - Bulletin Tools (1)

International Institute of Refrigeration Books, guides: - Technical books, brochures, diagrams… Reference documents: - International Dictionary of Refrigeration (11 languages)… Training courses International standards Review articles Informatory notes Tools (2)

International Institute of Refrigeration Statements prepared for international events: - Montreal Protocol on ozone depletion: The last one: MOP20 (Doha, 2008) - Mitigation of Global Warming and Kyoto Protocol: The last one: COP-14/CMP-4 (Poznan, 2008) - Sustainable Development: Johannesburg Summit, Food Safety: FAO / WHO Forum, The next ones: Port Ghalib (November 2009), Copenhagen (December 2009) Tools (3)

International Institute of Refrigeration Conferences  3-4 IIR Conferences per year and  8 IIR co-sponsored Conferences per year on an average - 7th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants - Compressors 2009 Casta Papiernicka, Slovak Republic, September 30-October 2, th AICARR International Conference, Rome, Italy, October 8-9, Pôle Cristal Symposium, Dinan, France, October 8-9, Atmosphere International Conference on Natural Refrigerants, Brussels, Belgium, October 19-20, Constant Progress in Cryomedicine - Cryomedicine Update 2009, Tokyo, Japan, November 27-29, th International Conference on Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, Belgrade, Serbia, December 2-4, International Symposium on Next-Generation Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology, Tokyo, Japan, February 17-19, st IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, Cambridge, United Kingdom, March 29-31, th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids (GL2010) Sydney, Australia, April 12-14, 2010  IIR conferences / IIR co-sponsored / co-organized Tools (4)

International Institute of Refrigeration../.. Conferences - LNG th International Conference on Liquefied Natural Gas, Oran, Algeria, April 18-21, Cryogenics 2010, Bratislava, Slovak Republic, April 26-29, Clima th REHVA World Congress, Antalya, Turkey, May 9-12, Sustainable Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, June 13-16, nd IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems, Stockholm, Sweden, June 16-17, th International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue, West Lafayette, United States, July 12-15, th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue, West Lafayette, United States, July 12-15, st International High-Performance & Green Buildings Conference at Purdue, West Lafayette, United States, July 12-15, th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag IV) Baotou, China, August 23-27, International Congress on Energy and the Environment Heat Transfer in Components & Systems for Sustainable Energy Technologies, Opatija, Croatia, October 19-22, rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Refrigeration for Sustainable Development Prague, Czech Republic, August 21-26, 2011 Tools (5)

International Institute of Refrigeration The environmental issue is a major subject of these publications and conferences: Reducing the energy consumption (the main impact factor of refrigerating systems on global warming) Reducing refrigerant charges and losses, for environmental and safety issues Promoting non-ozone depleting and low-global warming refrigerants  Exchange of information  Improving technologies

International Institute of Refrigeration Ammonia is very efficient and well-known. Good solution for big plants even if safety issues are to be considered (food manufacturing and storage, commercial refrigeration… ) Hydrocarbons can be used for smaller systems, where safety issues can be solved (domestic refrigeration, vending machines… ) CO 2 has been newly redeveloped, with many technical improvements, in many applications as a refrigerant or as a secondary fluid Natural refrigerants can be a good solution in most cases:

International Institute of Refrigeration IIR Working Parties dealing with these issues Refrigerant charge reduction (especially for ammonia but also for the safe use of hydrocarbons, HFCs… ) Mitigation of emissions of greenhouse gases in refrigeration Refrigerant system safety (ammonia and hydrocarbons)

International Institute of Refrigeration Ammonia as a refrigerant (guide-2008): technical options, safety issues, regulations… Bibliography on CO 2 (2006): selection of articles Review articles on hydrocarbons, CO 2.., on the IIR web- site, in IIR journals,… Natural refrigerants are the most numerous subjects of research articles, proposed and selected in the IIR network Recent IIR publications:

International Institute of Refrigeration The Gustav Lorentzen Conferences (every 2 years)  The last: Copenhagen (Denmark) September 2008  Proceedings available  The next: Sydney (Australia) April 2010, then back in Europe again? The Conferences on Ammonia in Ohrid  The last: Ohrid (Macedonia) May 2009  Proceedings available  The next: Ohrid (Macedonia) April 2011 In other series of IIR conferences (Thermophysical properties of refrigerants… ), studies on natural refrigerants are also of course presented Conferences 2 IIR dedicated series of conferences:

International Institute of Refrigeration CONCLUSION Natural refrigerants are already an efficient, cost-effective and safe solution in many applications in refrigeration and air conditioning. They often require different equipment than « chemical » refrigerants (CFC, HCFC, HFC) for technical and safety reasons. They should be better promoted for new equipment and the replacement of old equipment. They still require improvements, research and development in various applications See our Web site: Become a member, you will have the best updated information on these major issues