Introduction to Topographic Maps

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Introduction to Topographic Maps

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Presentation transcript:

Introduction to Topographic Maps

Topographic Maps Two dimensional model of the Earth’s surface (represents 3-D world) Topographic maps are also known as contour maps. Show elevation above sea level using contour lines.

“Real World” Contour Map

Topographic Maps Contour Line – - line on a map that connects points of EQUAL elevation. - show elevation and shape of the land Relief – Difference between high and low elevations

Topographic Maps Contour Interval – difference in elevation between each line. Contour interval = 20 feet 580 560 540 520

Topographic Maps Index Contour – Usually every 5th line is printed darker and has an elevation printed on it.

Rules for Contours Contour lines never cross

Rules for Contours 2. Contours form closed loops (even if not shown of the map.

Rules for Contours 3. Contours bend upstream (uphill) when crossing a stream.

Closely Spaced Contours Steeper Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are closer together.

Wide Spaced Contours Gradual/Gentle Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are farther apart.

A B

Depressions Contour lines which show a depression, crater, or sinkhole on a map. Shown by dashed lines (hachure marks) on the inside of a contour line The elevation of the first depression contour is the same as the lowest regular contour near it.

100 100 50

Let’s Practice!

Cookie Topography

Objectives Students will use their knowledge of topographic maps and contour lines to construct a cross section diagram showing the changes in elevation represented by a cookie island. They will also construct a model using topographic lines on paper. Then they will label geographic features on their island map. This activity helps students visualize what a topographic map represents and demonstrate their understanding of contour lines.