How to read and understand topographic maps

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Presentation transcript:

How to read and understand topographic maps Contour What?! How to read and understand topographic maps

What is a topographic map?

What is a topographic map? A topographic maps shows the shape of a landscape Topography = “shape of land” Elevation = height above sea level

What is a contour line? Contour lines are continuous lines used on a topo map in order to show points of the same elevation http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/how-to-read-topographic-map-2.jpg

What is a contour? Major/Index Contour line labeled with elevation above sea level Contour Interval the elevation change between any two contour lines What is the elevation on point A on your map? What is the contour interval on this map? A http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/how-to-read-topographic-map-2.jpg

What is the contour interval? Determine the contour interval for the following 4 topographical maps Map A

Map B

Map C

Map D

Identifying slope steepness gentle slope What do you notice about the contour lines that represent the steep slope of the mountain? When the slope or angle of a mountain side increases, the contour lines are located closer together What about the gentle slopes? When there is less slope or the slope is more gentle the contour lines are further apart http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Courbe_niveau.svg

Activity: Identifying slope steepness Draw the side view of the mountain represented by this contour map Discuss with a partner; Which side has the most steep slope, and which side has the least steep slope

Identifying slope steepness http://www.cibolasar.org/minilessons/nav_lesson/USMC_mapfigs.jpg

Activity: Contour This! Match the numbered contour maps with its correct landscape profile http://www.cibolasar.org/minilessons/nav_lesson/contour_match.jpg

Direction of water flow What do you observe about the contour lines regarding the flow of the water? Water flows perpendicular to the contour lines Rivers also flow downhill through the concave part of the contour

Contour this! Which direction does the river flow? Where is the river? http://www.cibolasar.org/minilessons/nav_lesson/USMC_mapfigs.jpg