Prosody, Tone, Intonation and Stress

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Tone perception and production by Cantonese-speaking and English- speaking L2 learners of Mandarin Chinese Yen-Chen Hao Indiana University.

Advertisements

Unit 2 The sounds of English. Review Review What are the major defining features that natural languages possess? What are the major defining features.

American English Speech Patterns

What is Phonetics?. Phonetics is the study of the speech sounds that occur in all languages.

Syllables Most of us have an intuitive feeling about syllables No doubt about the number of syllables in the majority of words. However, there is no agreed.

Prosodics, Part 1 LIN Prosodics, or Suprasegmentals Remember, from our first discussions in class, that speech is really a continuous flow of initiation,

Nigerian English prosody Sociolinguistics: Varieties of English Class 8.

Tone, Accent and Stress February 14, 2014 Practicalities Production Exercise #2 is due at 5 pm today! For Monday after the break: Yoruba tone transcription.

Mdt. sprogproduktion English Prosody. Agenda Brief survey of the ground you’ve already covered English prosody Assignment Four –Hand in print copy April.

1 3.4 Intonation Intonation involves “the occurrence of recurring pitch patterns, each of which is used with a set of relatively consistent meanings, either.

Languages Dialect and Accents

LATERALIZATION OF PHONOLOGY DAY 22 – OCT 18, 2013 Brain & Language LING NSCI Harry Howard Tulane University.

Phonetics The study of productive sounds within a language 2 Basic types of sounds in English: Consonants (C): restriction on airflow Vowels (V): no restriction.

Linguisitics Levels of description. Speech and language Language as communication Speech vs. text –Speech primary –Text is derived –Text is not “written.

Research on teaching and learning pronunciation

Sound and Speech. The vocal tract Figures from Graddol et al.

Chapter three Phonology

Pitch, Contour and Terminal Pertemuan 10 Matakuliah: G0332/English Phonology Tahun: 2007.

FUNCTIONS OF INTONATION

Phonology, phonotactics, and suprasegmentals

Phonetics and Phonology

Chapter Four Morphology

An Introduction to Linguistics

Introduction to Linguistics Chapter 2: Phonology Instructor: LIU Hongyong.

Lecture 6 The Intonation Phonology Suprasegmental phonology Intonation

1 Speech Perception 3/30/00. 2 Speech Perception How do we perceive speech? –Multifaceted process –Not fully understood –Models & theories attempt to.

PHONETICS & PHONOLOGY 3/24/2014. AGENDA GO OVER CORRECTED HOMEWORK IN PAIRS/SMALL GROUPS (5 MIN) MAKE ANY CORRECTIONS TO HWK DUE TODAY, THEN TURN IN (5.

Today we will talk about: -Phonology -Phonemes -morphemes.

English Linguistics: An Introduction

Tone and Intonation. Pitch modifications The concept of pitch Tone: pitch that changes meaning  Lexical meaning  Grammatical meaning Distinct from intonation:

An overview of the first four chapters. Chapter 1 Linguistics is the scientific study of language. “What makes a field a science is if it involves constructing.

Acoustic Properties of Taiwanese High School Students ’ Stress in English Intonation Advisor: Dr. Raung-Fu Chung Student: Hong-Yao Chen.

1. Background Evidence of phonetic perception during the first year of life: from language-universal listeners to native listeners: Consonants and vowels:

Formal Properties of Language: Talk is achieved through the interdependent components of sounds, words, sentences, and meanings.

African American English (AAE). Language vs. Dialect dialect as subset/variety of language (with its own distinct structures) dialect as subset/variety.

Evaluating prosody prediction in synthesis with respect to Modern Greek prenuclear accents Elisabeth Chorianopoulou MSc in Speech and Language Processing.

Introduction to Linguistics Ms. Suha Jawabreh Lecture # 8.

Prosodic/Suprasegmental Features (Part of Paralanguage)

Lecture 2 Phonology Sounds: Basic Principles. Definition Phonology is the component of linguistic knowledge concerned with rules, representations, and.

Hello, Everyone! Part I Review Review questions 1.In what ways can English consonants be classified? 2. In what ways can English vowels be classified?

TOBI Basics April 13, 2010.

Tone, Accent and Quantity October 19, 2015 Thanks to Chilin Shih for making some of these lecture materials available.

Phonetics, part III: Suprasegmentals October 19, 2012.

School Kids Investigating Language & Life in Society 3 February 2015 Lesson 4: Levels of Linguistic Structure, History of English Teaching Fellows Anna.

Intonation Lecture 11.

Autosegmental Phonology

Control of prosodic features under perturbation in collaboration with Frank Guenther Dept. of Cognitive and Neural Systems, BU Carrie Niziolek [carrien]

TEACHING PRONUNCIATION

Suprasegmental Properties of Speech Robert A. Prosek, Ph.D. CSD 301 Robert A. Prosek, Ph.D. CSD 301.

Autosegmental Phonology. Most languages have tone Igala in Nigeria Two high tones áwó“fowl” High then lowáwò“hole” High then midáwō“comb”

Phonetics, part III: Suprasegmentals October 18, 2010.

Chapter 1 Introduction PHONOLOGY (Lane 335). Phonetics & Phonology Phonetics: deals with speech sounds, how they are made (articulatory phonetics), how.

Week 3 – Part 2 Phonology The following PowerPoint is to be used as a guideline for the important vocabulary and terminology to know as you do your readings,

TOBI, continued January 29, 2008 The Outlook 1.Return course project reports. 2.New course schedule. 3.Today: Continue the discussion of English Intonation.

Pitch Tracking + Prosody January 19, 2012 Homework! For Tuesday: introductory course project report Background information on your consultant and the.

11 How we organize the sounds of speech 12 How we use tone of voice 2009 년 1 학기 담당교수 : 홍우평 언어커뮤니케이션의 기 초.

Introduction to Linguistics

INTONATION And IT’S FUNCTIONS

National Phonetic Symbols-1 (1) Initials ㄅ [ ] ㄆ [ ] ㄇ [ ] ㄈ [ ] ㄉ [ ] ㄊ [ ] ㄋ [ ] ㄌ [ ] ㄍ [ ] ㄎ [ ] ㄏ [ ]

4AOD Malinnikova Ekaterina

(2) Suprasegmentals The features such as pitch, stress, and length, which are used simultaneously with units larger than segments, are called “suprasegmentals.”

Sentence Level Transcription

SUPRASEGMENTAL PHONEME

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fall Level High-rising Fall Level High-rising

Functions of intonation 1

‘The most natural way to communicate is simply to speak

The American School and ToBI

Markedness Unmarked categories, language, and identities:

Phonology studies the following: Segments; Suprasegmentals Syllables;

Presentation transcript:

Prosody, Tone, Intonation and Stress Phonology III Prosody, Tone, Intonation and Stress

Recap ... Phonemes: the smallest unit of meaning-carrying sound in a language Allophones: sounds that can be replaced in a word without changing the meaning We saw that certain allophones will only appear in certain environments: That is: they are predictable and thus are in complementary distribution

Prosody Pitch, tone, intonation All languages have prosodic properties Suprasegmental: exist extraneously to the segment (phonemes) All phones have certain inherent suprasegmental features.

Tone Languages Tone languages feature of the lexicon: pitch indicates (and changes) lexical meaning phonemic combination + pitch = encode semantic information (non-tone) languages: pitch is functional (mood, emotion, warning, stress) but not directly influencing lexical meaning

Register (Level) Tones miɬ H M L miɬ miɬ miɬ moth snare sleep (Sarcee - Athapaskan language of Canada) Tones are level: High / Mid / Low 2 or 3 distinctive pitch levels ... probably never more than four. Levels are relative to each other.

‘Downdrift’ in Igbo (Nigeria) O na aŋwa inja igwe H L H L H L H L O aŋ na in wa ig ja we

Contour (gliding) tones Mandarin (four tones + neutral) Ma - ㄇ丫媽(媽) – ma55 / mā 麻– ma35 / má 馬 – ma213 / mǎ 罵– ma41 / mà Contours found in many Asian languages (Vietnamese, Thai, Cantonese etc.)

Semantic / Syntactic Differences Signalled by Tone Bini (Nigeria): indicates differences in verb tense. ima - LL (I show) - Timeless ima - HL (I am showing) - Continuous Ima - LH (I showed) - Past So, tone here is perhaps more indicative of syntactic than lexical difference?

Tone Sandhi Tones can be conditioned by the tones around them: So in Mandarin, two second (high-rising) tones? Second high-rising tone becomes third tone. In Mende (Sierra Leone) there are 3 register tones, but 5 patterns. (H/L/HL/LH/LHL) Mbu (rice)(monosyllabic, rising pitch) Fande (cotton) (low, high) Ndavula (sling) (low, rest high) Can give the impression of contour tones (but actually register)

Register vs. Contour Tones Somewhat easier to judge contour tones Register (level) tones often difficult to figure out without additional points of reference.

Intonation Intonation: Many languages have intonation, which conveys semantic content (but isn’t lexically dfferentiated) Did you see that? / I’m so sorry / What did you do last night? Terminal intonation contour (falling): John parked the car.  signals completeness in American English Non-terminal intonation contour (rising, or level) But that’s not ...  signals incompleteness in AE But: high rising terminal is part of Australian English, and some parts of UK

‘Downdrift’ in Igbo (Nigeria) O na aŋwa inja igwe H L H L H L H L O aŋ na in wa ig ja we