Monitoring Decent Work and Labour Statistics Rafael Diez de Medina Chief Statistician, Director Department of Statistics Department of Statistics International Labour Office International Forum on Monitoring National Development: Issues and Challenges Beijing, People’s Republic of China, September 2011

Labour statistics Historically, labour market statistics have taken a macro-perspective on an economy and focused on: Historically, labour market statistics have taken a macro-perspective on an economy and focused on: Labour supply and labour demand in an economy Labour supply and labour demand in an economy Employment and unemployment statistics; ICLS ) Employment and unemployment statistics; ICLS ) Volume of work and labour cost in an economy Volume of work and labour cost in an economy Statistics of wages and hours of work (ICLS 1923, ) Statistics of wages and hours of work (ICLS 1923, ) Classifications: Classifications: Classification of industries and occupations (ICLS 1923, 1925 …) Classification of industries and occupations (ICLS 1923, 1925 …) International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) (ICLS 1949,..., 1988, 2008) International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) (ICLS 1949,..., 1988, 2008) International classification according to status in employment (ICSE) (ICLS 1957, 1993, 1998) International classification according to status in employment (ICSE) (ICLS 1957, 1993, 1998)

The concept of Decent Work has been defined by the ILO and endorsed by the international community as “Opportunities for women and men to obtain decent and productive work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity”. (Juan Somavia, ILO Director-General, 1999 ILC Report). ILO concept of decent work

Decent work as a global goal Decent work dimensions have not been adequately covered in the past system of labour statistics. Decent work dimensions have not been adequately covered in the past system of labour statistics. Endorsed by ECOSOC, Presidential Summits and Head of State Summits in all regions, UN system, European Union, etc. Endorsed by ECOSOC, Presidential Summits and Head of State Summits in all regions, UN system, European Union, etc. ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization (2008) endorses Decent Work Agenda: ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization (2008) endorses Decent Work Agenda: (i) Rights at work, (ii) Employment; (iii) Social Protection; (iv) Social Dialogue and tripartism. (i) Rights at work, (ii) Employment; (iii) Social Protection; (iv) Social Dialogue and tripartism.

Why Monitoring Employment and Decent Work now is crucial ? Labour market distress is rising and this trend will continue well into 2011 and further, due to possible double dip in key economies. Labour market distress is rising and this trend will continue well into 2011 and further, due to possible double dip in key economies. Unemployment which stood at over 6% early in the decade before decreasing between 2004 and 2007, has since increased dramatically to reach about 10% on average in Unemployment which stood at over 6% early in the decade before decreasing between 2004 and 2007, has since increased dramatically to reach about 10% on average in Relative to 2007, in 2010, there were 31 million more unemployed (209 million unemployed), the highest ever recorded. Relative to 2007, in 2010, there were 31 million more unemployed (209 million unemployed), the highest ever recorded. Danger of long-term damage to job prospects and productivity of current cohort of youth. Danger of long-term damage to job prospects and productivity of current cohort of youth. Strain on statistical resources to address the urgent decent work deficit Strain on statistical resources to address the urgent decent work deficit

Labour Statistics and Decent Work: commitments to monitor progress towards decent work 2008 Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization recommends that ILO Members may consider: 2008 Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization recommends that ILO Members may consider: “the establishment of appropriate indicators or statistics, if necessary with the assistance of the ILO, to monitor and evaluate the progress made” “the establishment of appropriate indicators or statistics, if necessary with the assistance of the ILO, to monitor and evaluate the progress made” Monitoring of MDG Goal 1, Target 2: Monitoring of MDG Goal 1, Target 2: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people. Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people. Strategic partnerships with NSOs, Ministries of Labour, Social Security institutions, International organizations, development banks, Academia, workers’ and employers’ organizations, etc. Strategic partnerships with NSOs, Ministries of Labour, Social Security institutions, International organizations, development banks, Academia, workers’ and employers’ organizations, etc.

Topics which have gained prominence during the jobs crisis Growing world labour force: need to have better estimates Growing world labour force: need to have better estimates Informality: informal employment and employment in the informal sector Informality: informal employment and employment in the informal sector Youth unemployment Youth unemployment Discouraged workers and new forms of “border cases” Discouraged workers and new forms of “border cases” Sectorial labour statistics Sectorial labour statistics Labour migration Labour migration Wage inequality Wage inequality Green jobs Green jobs Rise of insecure forms of work (hours of work, self employment, temporary contracts) Rise of insecure forms of work (hours of work, self employment, temporary contracts) Labour share, Productivity and Labour costs Labour share, Productivity and Labour costs Impact of stimulus packages Impact of stimulus packages

How the ILO is moving forward (i) Creation of the ILO Department of Statistics reporting to the DG (2009) Creation of the ILO Department of Statistics reporting to the DG (2009) New mandate: assuring quality in statistical methods and products, promoting coordination and coherence within the different ILO units (child labour, labour market trends, social protection databases, regional information systems, etc.) New mandate: assuring quality in statistical methods and products, promoting coordination and coherence within the different ILO units (child labour, labour market trends, social protection databases, regional information systems, etc.) Enhancing data compilation to cope with increased demand (short-term and annual data) Enhancing data compilation to cope with increased demand (short-term and annual data) Development of new user-friendly, interactive ILO statistical database and portal Development of new user-friendly, interactive ILO statistical database and portal Collection of Decent Work Indicators from as many countries as possible Collection of Decent Work Indicators from as many countries as possible

How the ILO is moving forward (ii) Development and application of time-series techniques at the international level (outliers, seasonal adjustment, etc.) Development and application of time-series techniques at the international level (outliers, seasonal adjustment, etc.) Strengthening ILO’s technical assistance to developing countries, including preparation of manuals and guidelines. Strengthening ILO’s technical assistance to developing countries, including preparation of manuals and guidelines. Capacity building to help constituents (NSOs, Ministries of Labour, Social Security Institutions, workers’ and employers’ organisations, etc.) Capacity building to help constituents (NSOs, Ministries of Labour, Social Security Institutions, workers’ and employers’ organisations, etc.) Active involvement in the G20 reporting and discussion Active involvement in the G20 reporting and discussion Launching of Working Groups to discuss emerging topics for the 19th ICLS (2013): the measurement of employment and unemployment Launching of Working Groups to discuss emerging topics for the 19th ICLS (2013): the measurement of employment and unemployment

Working Group for the Advancement of Employment & Unemployment Statistics Purpose Purpose To assist the ILO Department of Statistics with the advancement of employment and unemployment statistics through developmental work on topics relevant to a necessary revision or supplementation of the 13th ICLS (1982) Resolution on statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment, such as the development of measures of labour underutilization to supplement the unemployment rate.

Working Group for the Advancement of Employment & Unemployment Statistics Important Important The consultations that the Department has conducted confirmed that that the current labour force framework remains relevant and adequate for the production of labour force statistics. The consultations that the Department has conducted confirmed that that the current labour force framework remains relevant and adequate for the production of labour force statistics. However, there is need to render the framework more versatile (i.e. by developing new supplementary measures) and clear (through clarification of ambiguities in existing guidelines) so that it can continue to be relevant to recent labour market developments and policy priorities. However, there is need to render the framework more versatile (i.e. by developing new supplementary measures) and clear (through clarification of ambiguities in existing guidelines) so that it can continue to be relevant to recent labour market developments and policy priorities.

Working Group for the Advancement of Employment & Unemployment Statistics (Cont’d) Main expected outputs Main expected outputs To be submitted to the 19th ICLS for consideration and possible adoption: To be submitted to the 19th ICLS for consideration and possible adoption: Draft international statistical standard on (a) measure(s) of labour underutilization to supplement the unemployment rate Draft international statistical standard on (a) measure(s) of labour underutilization to supplement the unemployment rate Draft recommendations for a possible revision or supplementation of the 13 th ICLS (1982) Resolution on statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment Draft recommendations for a possible revision or supplementation of the 13 th ICLS (1982) Resolution on statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment

Working Group for the Advancement of Employment & Unemployment Statistics (Cont’d) Current WG membership Current WG membership Next session in October 2011 in Geneva. Next session in October 2011 in Geneva. Regional discussions with ESCAP, ECLAC, ECA, ESCWAS Regional discussions with ESCAP, ECLAC, ECA, ESCWAS Members are expert statisticians from NSO with in-depth knowledge of/experience in labour force statistics Members are expert statisticians from NSO with in-depth knowledge of/experience in labour force statistics 45 confirmed members from 30 countries or areas 45 confirmed members from 30 countries or areas +5 observers from Afristat, Eurostat, OECD, etc. +5 observers from Afristat, Eurostat, OECD, etc.

ILO Department of Statistics EMPSTATS online platform Access by invitation only (WG members), requires a user id and password Access by invitation only (WG members), requires a user id and password Searchable and accessible only by registered WG members Searchable and accessible only by registered WG members Registered WG members agree to treat all content as confidential Registered WG members agree to treat all content as confidential To become a WG member, send request to ILO Department of Statistics with name & affiliation of nominee expert labour statistician To become a WG member, send request to ILO Department of Statistics with name & affiliation of nominee expert labour statistician

Enhancing data compilation to cope with increased demand: annual data, including Decent Work indicators Revision and restructuring of the current ILO statistical database (LABORTSA) and Revision and restructuring of the current ILO statistical database (LABORTSA) and Merging of the KILM database with a new database of the Department of Statistics with relevant modifications and improvements of the former: Moving to one general ILO data portal: “ILOSTAT” Merging of the KILM database with a new database of the Department of Statistics with relevant modifications and improvements of the former: Moving to one general ILO data portal: “ILOSTAT” The ILO October Inquiry discontinued and a new product developed using the DELPHI Survey exercise integrated into the new database. The ILO October Inquiry discontinued and a new product developed using the DELPHI Survey exercise integrated into the new database. The ILO Decent Work statistical indicators database set up, covering as many countries as possible The ILO Decent Work statistical indicators database set up, covering as many countries as possible

Enhancing data compilation to cope with increased demand: short-term indicators

Principles and framework for measuring decent work Purpose: (i) to assist constituents to assess progress towards decent work (PRS, National development frameworks and DWCP) and (ii) to offer comparable information for analysis and policy development. Purpose: (i) to assist constituents to assess progress towards decent work (PRS, National development frameworks and DWCP) and (ii) to offer comparable information for analysis and policy development. NO ranking of countries & NO composite index. NO ranking of countries & NO composite index. Needs to cover all four dimensions of Decent Work derived from various sources: household and establishment surveys, administrative records, qualitative information, among others. Needs to cover all four dimensions of Decent Work derived from various sources: household and establishment surveys, administrative records, qualitative information, among others. New framework recommended by the 18 th ICLS New framework recommended by the 18 th ICLS Model of international relevance that permits the adaptation to national circumstances Model of international relevance that permits the adaptation to national circumstances Has the potential to evolve dynamically over the years. Has the potential to evolve dynamically over the years. A layered approach to indicators: Main, Additional, Context, Future and Legal Framework indicators A layered approach to indicators: Main, Additional, Context, Future and Legal Framework indicators

Grouping of Decent Work Indicators Grouping of indicators under 10 substantive elements of the Decent Work Agenda plus one area on economic and social context: Grouping of indicators under 10 substantive elements of the Decent Work Agenda plus one area on economic and social context: 1. Employment opportunities (1 + 2) 1. Employment opportunities (1 + 2) 2. Adequate earnings and productive work (1 + 3) 2. Adequate earnings and productive work (1 + 3) 3. Decent hours (1 + 3) 3. Decent hours (1 + 3) 4. Combining work, family and personal life (1 + 3) 4. Combining work, family and personal life (1 + 3) 5. Work that should be abolished (1 + 3) 5. Work that should be abolished (1 + 3) 6. Stability and security of work (1, 2 + 3) 6. Stability and security of work (1, 2 + 3) 7. Equal opportunity and treatment in employment (1, 2 + 3) 7. Equal opportunity and treatment in employment (1, 2 + 3) 8. Safe work environment (1 + 3) 8. Safe work environment (1 + 3) 9. Social security (1 + 3) 9. Social security (1 + 3) 10. Social dialogue, workers’ and employers’ representation (1 + 4) 10. Social dialogue, workers’ and employers’ representation (1 + 4) 11. Economic and social context for decent work 11. Economic and social context for decent work Note: (1) Rights at work (2) Employment opportunities (3) Social Protection (4) Social Dialogue

Thank you! Thank you! 谢谢。 谢谢。