Right to Education- Post 2015 Development Agenda – EFA/OWG Goal Targets for Education Baela Raza Jamil - ITA – ASER –SAFED - Sharing with Coalitions

STATUS OF RTE ACTs -25- A IN PAKISTAN: ProvinceStatus of LegislationNature of Legislation ICT/Islamabad) Passed in the Parliament on December 19 th, 2012 Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2012 SindhPassed in Province on March 6 th, 2013 Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2013 BaluchistanPassed in Province on March 15 th, 2013 Baluchistan Compulsory and Free Ordinance, 2013 Punjab Ordinance Passed by Governor awaiting enactment after Assembly discussion Ordinance Punjab Free and Compulsory Education 2013 Khyber Pakhtunkua (KPK) Working on Draft legislation Draft Bill Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK)Not available Gilgit Baltistan (GB)Not available NO RULES HAVE BEEN MADE TO DATE

Open Working Groups (OWGs) and EFA Goals/Targets & Their Comparison

What is OWG? & Education Steering Committee OWG A 30-member Open Working Group (OWG) of the General Assembly on Sustainable Development was tasked with preparing a proposal on the SDGs in June The Open Working Group was established on 22nd of January 2013 by the General Assembly. Currently it has five groups: African Group, Asia-Pacific Group, Latin American and Caribbean Group (GRULAC), Western European and Others Group (WEOG), and Eastern European Group. On June 2 the first set of Goals have been shared for debate between June 9-13, 2014 globally Currently June nd last meeting of OWG in NY Education Steering Committee The Education Steering Committee – under UNESCO – charged with the Post 2015 goal/targets Ed. SC is composed of representatives of Member States, relevant UN agencies, civil society and the business sector –who have developed a Joint Proposal on Education Beyond This was presented at OMAN in May 12-14, Education Goals like EFA to be finalized in May 2015 in South Korea

June – Open Working Group (OWG) Zero draft.. List of Proposed Sustainable Development Goals to be attained by UNIVERSALITY Is a Key Principle 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere 2. End hunger, achieve food security and adequate nutrition for all, and promote sustainable agriculture 3. Attain healthy life for all at all ages 4. Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere 6. Secure water and sanitation for all for a sustainable world 7. Ensure access to affordable, sustainable, and reliable modern energy services for all 8. Promote strong, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all 9. Promote sustainable industrialization 10. Reduce inequality within and among countries 11. Build inclusive, safe and sustainable cities and human settlements 12. Promote sustainable consumption and production patterns 13. Promote actions at all levels to address climate change 14. Attain conservation and sustainable use of marine resources, oceans and seas 15. Protect and restore terrestrial ecosystems and halt all biodiversity loss 16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective and capable institutions 17. Strengthen and enhance the means of implementation and global partnership for sustainable development

Goal 4: Provide equitable and inclusive quality education and life-long learning opportunities for all (targets 9) 1.by 2030 ensure all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes 2. by 2030 ensure equal access for all to affordable quality tertiary education and life-long learning 3. by 2030 increase by x% the proportion of children able to access and complete inclusive quality pre- primary education and other early childhood development programmes 4. achieve universal youth literacy and basic numeracy and an increase by x% of adult literacy and basic numeracy by by 2030 increase by x% the number of young and adult women and men with the skills needed for employment, including vocational training, ICT, technical, engineering and scientific skills 6. by 2030 ensure that people in vulnerable situations and marginalized people including persons with disabilities and indigenous peoples have access to inclusive education, skills development and vocational training aligned with labour market needs 7. by 2030 integrate relevant knowledge and skills in education curricula and training programs, including education for sustainable development and awareness raising on culture’s contribution to sustainable development 8. by 2030 ensure that all schools and other educational institutions provide safe, healthy, non- discriminatory and inclusive learning environments for all 9. by 2030 enhance the quality of teaching through promoting training for teachers

Global Education For All Meeting (GEM) Oman May UNESCO Outcomes Overarching Goal and Global Targets (May 27, 2014_ Goal : “Ensure equitable and inclusive quality education and lifelong learning for all by 2030” Target 1: By 2030, at least x% of girls and boys are ready for primary school through participation in quality early childhood care and education, including at least one year of free and compulsory pre-primary education, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. Target 2: By 2030, all girls and boys complete free and compulsory quality basic education of at least 9 years and achieve relevant learning outcomes, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. Target 3: By 2030, all youth and at least x% of adults reach a proficiency level in literacy and numeracy sufficient to better participate in society, with particular attention to girls and women and the most marginalized. Target 4: By 2030, at least x% of youth and y% of adults have the knowledge and skills for decent work and life through technical and vocational, upper secondary and tertiary education and training, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. Target 5: By 2030, all learners acquire knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to establish sustainable and peaceful societies, including through global citizenship education and education for sustainable development. Target 6: By 2030, all governments ensure that all learners are taught by qualified, professionally-trained, motivated and well-supported teachers. Target 7: By 2030, all countries allocate at least 4-6% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or at least 15-20% of their public expenditure to education, prioritizing groups most in need; and strengthen financial cooperation for education, prioritizing countries most in need.

Comparison of OWG – SC Education Goal/Targets

Early childhood education and development OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 increase by x% the proportion of children able to access and complete inclusive quality pre-primary education and other early childhood development programmes Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training By 2030, at least x% of girls and boys are ready for primary school through participation in quality early childhood care and education, including at least one year of free and compulsory pre- primary education, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. While the OWG target does focus on an increase in attendance and mentions “quality,” it does not highlight primary school readiness.

Primary and secondary education OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 ensure all girls and boys complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education leading to relevant and effective learning outcomes Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training By 2030, all girls and boys complete free and compulsory quality basic education of at least 9 years and achieve relevant learning outcomes, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. The OWG target does not specify the number of years, which will be necessary to determine success against the target. Otherwise, both targets include learning outcomes and highlight gender issues.

Literacy and numeracy OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences Achieve universal youth literacy and basic numeracy and an increase by x% of adult literacy and basic numeracy by 2030 Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training By 2030, all youth and at least x% of adults reach a proficiency level in literacy and numeracy sufficient to better participate in society, with particular attention to girls and women and the most marginalized. Both goals both focus on achieving youth literacy and numeracy and increasing adult literacy and numeracy. Additionally, the EFA target highlights the level of literacy and numeracy according to skills needed for participation in society.

Tertiary education and lifelong learning OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 ensure equal access for all to affordable quality tertiary education and life-long learning Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training By 2030, at least x% of youth and y% of adults have the knowledge and skills for decent work and life through technical and vocational, upper secondary and tertiary education and training, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. The EFA goal highlights purpose, levels, and specific elements of effective lifelong learning. The OWG goal highlights access to affordable tertiary education and lifelong learning, but is relatively unspecific.

Skills for employment OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 increase by x% the number of young and adult women and men with the skills needed for employment, including vocational training, ICT, technical, engineering and scientific skills Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training Linkage with OWG proposed goal 8. Promote strong, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all; Target 8.4: By 2020 halve the number of youth not in employment, education or training By 2030, at least x% of youth and y% of adults have the knowledge and skills for decent work and life through technical and vocational, upper secondary and tertiary education and training, with particular attention to gender equality and the most marginalized. Both targets highlight skills needed for employment. Both targets specify technical and vocational training, but the OWG target also highlights ICT, technical, engineering and scientific skills while the EFA target highlights upper secondary and tertiary education and training.

Equity OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 ensure that people in vulnerable situations and marginalized people including persons with disabilities and indigenous peoples have access to inclusive education, skills development and vocational training aligned with labour market needs Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training Linkage with OWG proposed goal 8. Promote strong, inclusive and sustainable economic growth and decent work for all; Target 8.4: By 2020 halve the number of youth not in employment, education or training The EFA Steering Committee has integrated equity (gender and most marginalized) into individual target areas rather than having a stand-alone target on this

Safe and inclusive Learning Environments OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 ensure that all schools and other educational institutions provide safe, healthy, non-discriminatory and inclusive learning environments for all Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training Linkage with OWG proposed goal 16. Achieve peaceful and inclusive societies, rule of law, effective and capable institutions; Target 16.7: By 2020 provide information and education on a culture of non-violence No comparable target

Teaching and Teachers OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences By 2030 enhance the quality of teaching through promoting training for teachers Linkage with OWG proposed goal 5. Attain gender equality, empower women and girls everywhere; Target 5.4: Ensure equal access to quality education and eliminate gender disparities at all levels of education and training By 2030, all governments ensure that all learners are taught by qualified, professionally-trained, motivated and well-supported teachers. The OWG target only focuses on promoting teacher training, which is not as direct of a target as the language of “ensure” Within the EFA target. Additionally, the EFA target includes “motivated” and “well-supported” as a focus of the target for teachers, both of which may be difficult to measure.

Education for sustainable development EFA SC post-2015 targetsAnalysis of similarities and differences By 2030, all learners acquire knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to establish sustainable and peaceful societies, including through global citizenship education and education for sustainable development. While both targets are focused on the knowledge and skills for education for sustainable development, the OWG target also highlights cultural education while the EFA target highlights global citizenship education. Furthermore, the EFA target includes reference to attitudes and values as well as the purpose, which is to establish sustainable and peaceful societies.

Financing OWG zero draft post-2015 targets EFA SC post-2015 targets Analysis of similarities and differences No comparable target By 2030, all countries allocate at least 4-6% of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or at least 15-20% of their public expenditure to education, prioritizing groups most in need; and strengthen financial cooperation for education, prioritizing countries most in need. There are no financing targets in the OWG process yet.

Critical time up to May 2015 National consensus – Provincial Debates on Post 2015 ? Who will lead this effort? Regional discussions Who will represent Global meetings and discussions Who will ensure a consensus position has been reached backed by ALL at home?

Pakistan has its Own Important Drivers for Education 18 th Amendment 2010 and Article 25 A (5-16 years of age) All but KP government has not finalized its Act – rules not made yet A culture of little or no debate Education Sector Plans 2014/ /10 A Sector Wide Approach for Access, Quality, Equity Higher Education /Technical Vocational Agendas of each province Education Budgets - the trajectory is not clear – Govt not enhancing education budgets to 4% until 2018 WHEN WILL EDUCATION BECOME A PRIORITY – WHEN WILL HUMAN BEINGS BE VALUED?

Challenges of Education on Right to Education on Post 2015 Agenda

What does evidence tell us about education challenges in Pakistan - activism must be embedded in data.. PSLMs Access ASER 2013 Quality – Learning Outcomes

PSLM – NER by Province

PSLM: NER at the Primary Level (Age 6-10) By Province Region & Province UrbanRuralTotal MaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotal Punjab Sindh Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Balochistan Pakistan

PSLM: NER at the Middle Level (Age 11-13) By Province Region & Province UrbanRuralTotal MaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotal Punjab Sindh Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Balochistan Pakistan

PSLM: NER at the Matric Level (Age 14-15) By Province Region & Province UrbanRuralTotal MaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotalMaleFemaleTotal Punjab Sindh Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Balochistan Pakistan

ASER 2013 Pakistan – Provincial Comparison on Learning

ASER Pakistan – Provincial Comparison of Learning (Urdu/Sindhi/Pashto)

ASER Pakistan – Provincial Comparison of Learning (English)

ASER Pakistan – Provincial Comparison of Learning (Arithmetic)

A Social Movement : Mobilizing Social Capital for Learning & Social Transformation