The Injury Experience of Pedestrians and Bicyclists in Minnesota SNTC, September 18-19, 2009 St. Cloud, MN

Bicyclists & Pedestrians: The “Other” Users of the Road Injury & Violence Prevention Unit, Minnesota Department of Health Leslie Seymour, MD MPH, Anna Gaichas, MS, Dorothy Gondwe, Jon Roesler, MS, Mark Kinde, MPH

National Context MV–related injuries are the leading cause of death for people ages 1–34 MV–related injuries are the leading cause of death for people ages 1–34 11% of all traffic deaths are pedestrians 11% of all traffic deaths are pedestrians A pedestrian is killed every 2 hours & injured every 8 minutes A pedestrian is killed every 2 hours & injured every 8 minutes In 2000 alone: In 2000 alone: –Costs of pedestrian and pedal cycle injuries cost around 40 billion Sources: CDC; PIRE

State Context Between : Between : –420 pedestrians killed –9,586 pedestrians injured Mortality and morbidity rates of pedestrian crashes lower than national rates Mortality and morbidity rates of pedestrian crashes lower than national rates Economic impact is significant and increasing Economic impact is significant and increasing –Between : Total hospital charges $86 million Total hospital charges $86 million Median charge $1,029 Median charge $1,029 Sources: DPS; MDH

‘Bike-related injuries increase in Twin Cities’ By TIM HARLOW, Star TribuneTIM HARLOW October 3, 2008

Definition A Pedal Cycle is any road transport vehicle operated solely by pedals. A Pedal Cycle is any road transport vehicle operated solely by pedals. Includes: bicycle, pedal cycle, tricycle Includes: bicycle, pedal cycle, tricycle Excludes: motorized bicycle Excludes: motorized bicycle ICD-9-CM, 1999 U.S. DHHS ICD-9-CM, 1999 U.S. DHHS

MV/Bicycle Crashes by Gender, MN, (n=3,930)

Pedestrian Injuries by Gender, MN, (N=9,586) Source: DPS

MV/Bicycle Crashes by Age-group, MN,

Pedestrian Injuries by Age-group MN, (N=9,586) Source: DPS

Bicycle vs. MV Crashes: 7 – County Metro & Greater MN

Pedestrian Injuries in Minnesota Regional burden (N=4,553) Source: DPS

Bicycle Deaths: MV Traffic vs. Other Cause

Injuries from Car/Bike Interactions,

Bicycle Injuries: MVC VS Other Cause

Average Hospital Charges for Bicycle-crash Injuries

Definition A pedestrian is any person involved in an accident who was not, at the time of the accident, riding in or on a motor vehicle, railroad train, streetcar, animal-drawn or other vehicle, or on a bicycle or animal. A pedestrian is any person involved in an accident who was not, at the time of the accident, riding in or on a motor vehicle, railroad train, streetcar, animal-drawn or other vehicle, or on a bicycle or animal. ICD-9-CM, 1999 U.S. DHHS ICD-9-CM, 1999 U.S. DHHS

MVT Pedestrian Mortality Rates, Age-adjusted rate per 100,000 Source: WISQARS

MVT Pedestrian Nonfatal Injuries Age-adjusted rate per 100,000 Sources: WISQARS; MIDAS

Fatal Pedestrian Injury in MN 2004 – 2008, by Time of Day

Non-fatal Pedestrian Injury in MN 2004 – 2008, by Time of Day

Non-fatal Pedestrian Injury in MN, Hour-by-hour Profile,

Where do the events occur?

Prior Action of Pedestrians Injured MN, 2004 – 2008 (N = 3,448) Source: DPS

Elderly Rates Are Highest! Ped vs. MV in MN by age group ( ) Source: CDC WISQARS

Hospitalized Pedestrian Injuries by Age-group, MN ( ) Source: MDH MIDAS

Conclusions : mv/bike crashes increased : mv/bike crashes increased : mv/bike crashes decreased : mv/bike crashes decreased MV vs. pedestrian injuries are decreasing MV vs. pedestrian injuries are decreasing MV vs. pedestrian injury severity is decreasing MV vs. pedestrian injury severity is decreasing Teen males (15-19) are the key age group Teen males (15-19) are the key age group Medical costs are increasing Medical costs are increasing ½ of events are in crossing the road with no signal (NS) or no crosswalk (NC)! ½ of events are in crossing the road with no signal (NS) or no crosswalk (NC)! ¾ of events are in the metro ¾ of events are in the metro

What Next? Denominator and evaluation data Denominator and evaluation data –How many of us bike and walk? –How much (and when) are we bicycling and walking? –Where are we walking and riding? –What combinations of programs, awareness, enforcement, engineering and incentives will it take to help us share the road?