Latin Verb-Forms Drill By David Rudmin

-ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt BI ERA ERI BA HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ RELATIVE TO RELATIVE TO... -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT PLUPERF PERF. FUTURE PERF. IMPF. PRES. FUTURE

BI BA Fut.Perf. TRANSLATIONS: HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT PLUPERF PERF. IMPF. PRES. FUTURE will be having __ed was/were having ___ed is having __ed was/were __ing is ___ing will be ___ing will’ve ___ed had ____ed have ____ed _____(s) will ____ ERA ERI -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt (____ed)

THE PRESENT SYSTEM: -Present -Future -Imperfect

HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE -M -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT BA -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT BI FIRST SAY THE LATIN: NOW SAY THE ENGLISH: I ____I was ____ingI will ____

SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE -M -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT ĒBA -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT BI ERE A/EA/E -M -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT FIRST SAY THE LATIN: NOW SAY THE ENGLISH: I ____I was ____ingI will ____

PRESENT TENSE -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt -M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT

call (You) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU

call (We) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE

call (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I

call (They) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE THEY

call (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL

calls (She) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE SHE

IMPERFECT TENSE -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt -M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT ĒBA ĀBA

VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE VŌC ĀBA ACTION ongoing in the past IMPERFECT: “was ___-ing TRANSLATION: M T S TIS NT MUS

VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE were calling (You) YOU ĀBĀ

ĀBA- VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE were calling (We) ĀBĀ WE

were calling (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL ĀBĀ

VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE were calling (They) ĀBA THEY

was calling (He) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĀBA HE

was calling (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I ĀBA

were making (We) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE ĒBĀ

, FĒC-, FACT- ĀBA- were making (Y’all) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL

were making (They) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ERE ĒBA THEY

, FĒC-, FACT- ĀBA- was making (She) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE SHE

, FĒC-, FACT- was making (I) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I ĒBA

ĀBA- were making (You) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU

THE FUTURE TENSE -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt -M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT 1 st & 2 nd Conj. 3 rd & 4 th Conj. -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT BI A/EA/E -M -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT

will call (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE VŌC ĀBI ACTION ongoing in the future FUTURE: “will ____ TRANSLATION: T S TIS UNT MUS Ō “BOUND to” CALL

will call (Y’all) VIDEŌ, VIDĒRE, VĪDĪ PASTNOWFUTURE VID ĒBI ACTION ongoing in the future FUTURE: “will ___ TRANSLATION: T S TIS UNT MUS Ō “BOUND to” SEE

will call (Y’all) FACIŌ, FACERE, FĒCĪ PASTNOWFUTURE FACI ACTION ongoing in the future FUTURE: “will ______ TRANSLATION: T NT MUS TIS S M MAKE

will call (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĀBI Y’ALL

VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE will call (they) ĀBI THEY

VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE will call (We) ĀBI WE

will call (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĀBI I

will call (It) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĀBI IT

will take (We) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE ERE A/EA/E

will have (They) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĒBI THEY

will take (I) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ, CAPTUS PASTNOWFUTURE I A/EA/E

w will take (He) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ PASTNOWFUTURE HE

will take (You) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU A/EA/E

will take (Y’all) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL

will take (They) CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ PASTNOWFUTURE THEY

will have (He) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE HE ĒBI

will have (We) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE ĒBI WE

will have (You) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU ĒBI

will have (I) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I ĒBI

will have (Y’all) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL ĒBI

w COMPARE: CAPIŌ, CAPERE, CĒPĪ NOW FUTURE HE CAPIŌ CAPIAM CAPIS CAPIĒS CAPIT CAPIET CAPIMUS CAPIĒMUS CAPITIS CAPIĒTIS CAPIUNT CAPIENT

w COMPARE: AGŌ, AGERE, ĒGĪ NOW FUTURE HE AGŌ AGAM AGIS AGĒS AGIT AGET AGIMUS AGĒMUS AGITIS AGĒTIS AGUNT AGENT

THE PERFECT SYSTEM: -Perfect -Future- Perfect -Pluperfect

HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE -M -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT -Ō -MUS -S -TIS -T -NT ERA ERI -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt I had ____ed I have ____ed I ____edI will’ve ____ed FIRST SAY THE LATIN: NOW SAY THE ENGLISH:

PERFECT TENSE -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT-M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

called (She) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE VŌC Ā V ACTION BEFORE the ‘goings-on’ PERFECT: have ____ed CALL TRANSLATION: Ī ITIT ISTĪ ĪSTIS ĒRUNT ĪMUS -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

called (She) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE SHE -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

e have had (They) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE THEY

have had (You) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

has had (It) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE IT

have had (We) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE

HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PAST NOWFUTURE had (Y’all) Y’all -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

have had (I) HABEŌ, HABĒRE, HABUĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I

called (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL

called (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I

called (We) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

wrote (He) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE HE ERE

called (You) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU

called (They) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE THEY

wrote (Y’all) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

wrote (I) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE I

wrote (You) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE YOU

wrote (We) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE WE

BI wrote (They) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE THEY

led (Y’all) DUCŌ, DUCERE, DUXĪ PASTNOWFUTURE Y’ALL

wrote (She) SCRIBŌ, SCRIBERE, SCRIPSĪ PASTNOWFUTURE SHE -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt

IMPERFECT PERFECT PRESENT FUTURE “was ____ing” “ IS ____ING” “will ____” e “______ed” POTERAM POTERĀMUS POTERĀS POTERĀTIS POTERAT POTERANT POTUĪ POTUĪMUS POTUISTĪ POTUĪSTIS POTUIT POTUĒRUNT VOLUĪ VOLUĪMUS VOLUISTĪ VOLUĪSTIS VOLUIT VOLUĒRUNT VOLĒBAM VOLĒBĀMUS VOLĒBĀS VOLĒBĀTIS VOLĒBAT VOLĒBANT POSSUM POSSUMUS POTES POTESTIS POTEST POSSUNT SUM SUMUS ES ESTIS EST SUNT ERAM ERĀMUS ERĀS ERĀTIS ERAT ERANT VOLAM VOLĒMUS VOLĒS VOLĒTIS VOLET VOLENT FUĪ FUĪMUS FUISTĪ FUĪSTIS FUIT FUĒRUNT POTERŌ POTERIMUS POTERIS POTERITIS POTERIT POTERINT ERŌ ERĪMUS ERIS ERITIS ERIT ERUNT VOLŌ VOLŪMUS VĪS VULTIS VULT VOLUNT TENSE REVIEW: IN WHAT TENSE DO EACH OF THESE OCCUR?

IMPERFECT PERFECT PRESENT FUTURE “was ____ing” “ IS ____ING” “will ____” e “______ed” POTERAM POTERĀMUS POTERĀS POTERĀTIS POTERAT POTERANT POTUĪ POTUĪMUS POTUISTĪ POTUĪSTIS POTUIT POTUĒRUNT VOLUĪ VOLUĪMUS VOLUISTĪ VOLUĪSTIS VOLUIT VOLUĒRUNT VOLĒBAM VOLĒBĀMUS VOLĒBĀS VOLĒBĀTIS VOLĒBAT VOLĒBANT POSSUM POSSUMUS POTES POTESTIS POTEST POSSUNT SUM SUMUS ES ESTIS EST SUNT ERAM ERĀMUS ERĀS ERĀTIS ERAT ERANT VOLAM VOLĒMUS VOLĒS VOLĒTIS VOLET VOLENT FUĪ FUĪMUS FUISTĪ FUĪSTIS FUIT FUĒRUNT POTERŌ POTERIMUS POTERIS POTERITIS POTERIT POTERINT ERŌ ERĪMUS ERIS ERITIS ERIT ERUNT VOLŌ VOLŪMUS VĪS VULTIS VULT VOLUNT TENSE REVIEW: WHERE ON THE TIMELINE DO EACH OF THESE OCCUR?

The Future-Perfect Tense: Translated: “will have ____ed” Often used in conditional (IF-THEN) sentences: “If you will have bought a car, then we will go on vacation.” Fut-Perf Fut. The action of the Fut-Perf (buying a car) always occurs BEFORE the action of the Future (going). -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt -M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT ERI

PAST NOWFUTURE VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ will’ve called (You) BI ERI VŌC Ā V ACTION BEFORE the ‘WILL-BE’ FUTURE PERFECT: “will _____ have ____ed CALL TRANSLATION: Ō T S TIS NT MUS

PAST NOWFUTURE VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ will’ve called (You) BI ERI YOU

PASTNOWFUTURE will have called (They) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ THEY BI ERI

PAST NOW FUTURE will’ve called (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ BI ERI Y’ALL

Ē-Ē- will’ve called (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PASTNOWFUTURE BI ERI I

PASTNOWFUTURE will’ve called (We) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ We ERI BI

PASTNOWFUTURE will have called (He) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ BI ERI HE

PASTNOWFUTURE VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ e

PASTNOWFUTURE VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ e

PLUPERFECT TENSE -ī -īmus -istī -īstis -it -ērunt -M -S -T -O -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT -M -S -T -MUS -TIS -NT ERA

had called VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE BA ERA VŌC Ā V M T S TIS NT MUS ACTION BEFORE the ‘WAS-BEING’ PLUPERFECT: “was ___-ing hav ____ed CALL “HAD” TRANSLATION:

had called (I) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE I BA ERA

had called (They) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE THEY ERA BA

had called (We) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE WE BA ERA

e had called (You) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE YOU

e had called (Y’all) VŌCŌ, VŌCĀRE, VŌCĀVĪ PAST NOW FUTURE Y’ALL

COMPARE: AGŌ, AGERE, ĒGĪ NOW FUTURE ĒG-ĒRUNT ĒG-ĒRINT ĒG-ĒRANT HAD DONE HAVE DONE WILL HAVE DONE “DID”

THE 4 SUBJUNCTIVE TENSES

PAST NOW FUTURE Ō T S TIS NT MUS “was ___-ing hav ____ed CALL “HAD” TRANSLATION: