Chapter 11 Lesson 1 “Distance and Displacement”. Inquiry Activity – pg. 327 How does a ramp affect a rolling marble?

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11 Lesson 1 “Distance and Displacement”

Inquiry Activity – pg. 327 How does a ramp affect a rolling marble?

I. Motion A. Movement – change in position B. How do you know something moves? Motion is a relative term 1. You can see it happening (observe) 2. Use a frame of reference a. Sun, moon, stars b. People standing beside the road c. Cars moving down the hi-way d. Seasons – warmer and colder temps

II. Distance vs. Displacement A. Distance – length between two points 1. Use appropriate units… a. Ex: Mississippi River Appropriate – 3780 km Inappropriate – 3,780,000,000,000 μm B. Displacement – length between two points and the direction of motion (vector) 1. Ex: 5 miles north of Rock Rapids 2. Shortest length between points start and finish

Similar to fig. 4 on page 331 in textbook

Chapter 11 Lesson 2 Speed

I. Speed A. Def - How fast something moves (rate of change) B. Requirements for speed 1. Distance traveled – 30 meters, 30 miles, 30 inches. 2. Time – how long it took to move a certain distance. – 3hrs, 3 min, 3 ms.

C. Calculating speed 1. Formula = Speed = DistanceV = Speed TimeD = Distance TimeD = Distance T = Time

D. 3 Types of Speed 1. Instantaneous speed = speed at one moment a. Ex: Pg. 334 – What is the instantaneous speed according to the speedometer?  35 mph 2. Constant Speed = speed that does not change over a period of time.

a. Ex: setting the cruise on a car at 55 mph. b. Ex: What is the constant speed of the car in the following graph?

3. Average Speed a. Def – the total distance divided by the total time. b. Ex: A deer walked 5 m in 10 min, 8 m in 23 min, and 7 m in 7 min. What was its average speed?  5+8+7=20 meters  = 40 min  formula v = d/t  20 meters / 40 min .5 meters / min

E. Distance Time Graph 1. Def – seeing the motion of an object over time.

Assignment 11.2 – separate sheet of paper 1. A car traveled 325 km in 4.5 hours. What was its average speed in km/hr? What was its average speed in m/s? 2. A train speed along at 50 km/h for 8.25 hours. What was its distance in km? What was its distance in meters? What was its distance in mm? 3. How many hours would it take for a car to travel 450 km at a rate of 35 km/hr? 4. Read 11.3 “Acceleration” km/hr 20 m/s km 412,5500m 412,500,000 mm 12.9 hours

II. Speed vs. Velocity A. Use same formula  velocity = distance / time B. Uses different labels  Speed – how fast something moves 1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 mph.  Velocity – how fast something moves in a certain direction. 1. Ex: a tornado is moving 15 mph to the north.

C. Examples 1. 2 motorcycles traveling down the interstate in opposite directions at 70 mph?Speed / Velocity? 2. 2 bikers traveling 70 mph along a path in the same northern direction? Speed / Velocity? 3. 2 walkers walking down the road side by side at 5 mph? Speed / Velocity? 4. What is the velocity of an object that travels 70 miles in 1.5 hours from Rock Rapids towards Sioux City? Speed Velocity Speed 46.7 mph South

D. In class Questions 1. What is the velocity of an airplane that is traveling from Mexico to Canada. It traveled 1400 miles in 4.5 hours? 2. What is the velocity of a tornado that is traveling from Omaha to Des Moines. It took 5.75 hours and traveled 200 miles? 311 mph North 34.8 mph East

Chapter 11 Lesson 3 Acceleration

I. Acceleration (11.3) A. Def – rate of changing velocity 1. Ex: a dragster  idle  green light  leaps forward  faster  faster  drag chute  slower  slower  stops. 2. Change of Velocity a. Speed changes b. Direction changes

B. Formula 1. Acceleration = velocity (final) – velocity (initial) velocity (final) – velocity (initial)time 2. *Always squared*  m/s 2, mph 2, km/hr 2 …

C. Examples 1. A car’s velocity changes from 0 m/s to 30 m/s 10 seconds later. Calculate the car’s average acceleration. 30 m/s - 0 m/s 10 sec  3 m/s 2

D. In Class Problems 1. As a roller coaster starts down a hill, its speed is 10 m/s. 3 seconds later, its speed is 32 m/s at the bottom of the hill. What is the roller coaster’s acceleration? 2. A bullet is fired from a gun. Its final velocity is 750 m/s. It traveled this distance in 0.75 seconds. What is the bullets acceleration?