OT Survey II Daniel

United King- dom under Saul, David, & Solomon (112 years) Northern Kingdom 10 Tribes Capital: Samaria Southern Kingdom 2 Tribes Capital: Jerusalem 722 BC Israel’s Division and Captivity 1043 BC 931 BC Jeroboam, followed by 18 bad kings. Rehoboam, followed by 11 bad and 8 good kings. 605 BC Daniel & 3 friends 597 BC Ezekiel & 10, BC Jerusalem destroyed Zerubbabel, Ezra, Nehemiah 605 BC 536 BC 538 BC Decree of Cyrus 70 Year Captivity

Hosea, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel 722 Fall of Israel 701 Jerusalem Spared 605 First Deportation 597 Second Deportation 586 Fall of Judah Hosea Isaiah Map taken from Ezekiel, NICOT, p. xxi Jeremiah Ezekiel 536 Construction of temple begun Daniel

Daniel the Man Daniel, deported to Babylon as a youth in 605 BC, served with distinction in the Babylonian and Medo-Persian empires for some 68 years. Daniel, deported to Babylon as a youth in 605 BC, served with distinction in the Babylonian and Medo-Persian empires for some 68 years. He was evidently taken captive in his early teens and faithfully served God in high positions of leadership within these two Gentile empires, into his early 80s. He was evidently taken captive in his early teens and faithfully served God in high positions of leadership within these two Gentile empires, into his early 80s.

Historical Background In 605 BC, Nebuchadnezzar led Babylon against Egypt at the Battle of Carchemish. (His father, Nabopolassar, was still alive at this time and sat upon the throne). In 605 BC, Nebuchadnezzar led Babylon against Egypt at the Battle of Carchemish. (His father, Nabopolassar, was still alive at this time and sat upon the throne). Egypt was defeated and Carchemish was destroyed. While pursuing the fleeing Egyptians Nebuchadnezzar also conquered key cities in Syria and Palestine. Egypt was defeated and Carchemish was destroyed. While pursuing the fleeing Egyptians Nebuchadnezzar also conquered key cities in Syria and Palestine. Then, as he made his way back north, he stopped in Jerusalem and demanded its submission. It was here that he plundered the Temple and took a number of young men, including Daniel and his 3 friends, captive to Babylon. Then, as he made his way back north, he stopped in Jerusalem and demanded its submission. It was here that he plundered the Temple and took a number of young men, including Daniel and his 3 friends, captive to Babylon. These were taken not for punishment, but rather to be trained for positions of leadership within the Babylonian Empire. These were taken not for punishment, but rather to be trained for positions of leadership within the Babylonian Empire.

Major Themes The Sovereignty of God over the Kingdoms of Man (2-11) The Sovereignty of God over the Kingdoms of Man (2-11) Israel as a Remnant Subject to the Gentiles (1,9) Israel as a Remnant Subject to the Gentiles (1,9) The Progression of Gentile Kingdoms (2,7) – fourth kingdom is the greatest, out of which one will come who exalts himself against God, but who will be destroyed by the stone made without hands. The Progression of Gentile Kingdoms (2,7) – fourth kingdom is the greatest, out of which one will come who exalts himself against God, but who will be destroyed by the stone made without hands. The Pride of the Gentile Kings (2-5, 7-8, 11) – demonstrated in images they had made, pride in their accomplishments. The Pride of the Gentile Kings (2-5, 7-8, 11) – demonstrated in images they had made, pride in their accomplishments. These kings also believed that their gods were stronger than the God of Israel. God does things to correct this situation, and to demonstrate that He alone is the true God. These kings also believed that their gods were stronger than the God of Israel. God does things to correct this situation, and to demonstrate that He alone is the true God. The proclamation of the true God throughout the nations (2, 3, 4, 6) The proclamation of the true God throughout the nations (2, 3, 4, 6) The Ultimate Establishment of God’s Kingdom (2,7,12) The Ultimate Establishment of God’s Kingdom (2,7,12)

Structure of Daniel The Historical Setting – The Babylonian Captivity – Chap. 1 The Historical Setting – The Babylonian Captivity – Chap. 1 The captivity of Jerusalem (1:1-2) The captivity of Jerusalem (1:1-2) The Conscription of Certain Jews for Special Training (1:3-7) The Conscription of Certain Jews for Special Training (1:3-7) The Commitment of Daniel and His Companions (1:8-16) The Commitment of Daniel and His Companions (1:8-16) The Choice of Daniel and His Companions for Royal Service (1:17-21) The Choice of Daniel and His Companions for Royal Service (1:17-21) The Prophetic Course of Gentile Domination (chaps. 2-7) The Prophetic Course of Gentile Domination (chaps. 2-7) The Dreams of Nebuchadnezzar (chaps. 2-4) The Dreams of Nebuchadnezzar (chaps. 2-4) The Debauch and Doom of Belshazzar (chap. 5) The Debauch and Doom of Belshazzar (chap. 5) The Decree of Darius (chap. 6) The Decree of Darius (chap. 6) The Dream of Daniel (chap. 7) The Dream of Daniel (chap. 7) The Prophetic History of Israel: Through Desolation to Deliverance (chaps. 8-12) The Prophetic History of Israel: Through Desolation to Deliverance (chaps. 8-12) The Prophecy of the Ram and He-Goat (chap. 8) The Prophecy of the Ram and He-Goat (chap. 8) The Prophecy of the Seventy Weeks (chap. 9) The Prophecy of the Seventy Weeks (chap. 9) The Prophecy of Israel’s Subjection and Restoration (chaps ) The Prophecy of Israel’s Subjection and Restoration (chaps )

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

From the International Inductive Study Bible, p

Daniel and the New Testament Daniel provides the “big picture” of God’s program through history. Some of this plan is fulfilled within the time of the book itself. Daniel provides the “big picture” of God’s program through history. Some of this plan is fulfilled within the time of the book itself. By the time of Christ, four of the Gentile empires predicted in Daniel had appeared. By the time of Christ, four of the Gentile empires predicted in Daniel had appeared. In His discourse on the Mount of Olives, Christ sketches out the events of the 70 th week of the prophecy in Daniel 9. In His discourse on the Mount of Olives, Christ sketches out the events of the 70 th week of the prophecy in Daniel 9. The book of Revelation provides the greatest detail of that 70 th week and of the events leading up to Christ’s return and the establishment of His kingdom. The book of Revelation provides the greatest detail of that 70 th week and of the events leading up to Christ’s return and the establishment of His kingdom.

7 weeks = 49 years Artaxerxes decree to re-build Jerusalem, 445 or 444 B.C. (Neh 2:1-8) 62 weeks = 434 years Completion of rebuilding of Jerusalem. Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem, A.D. 32 or 33 (Luke 19:28-38). After the 69 weeks (Dan 9:26): (1)Messiah is cut- off. (2)Jerusalem is destroyed in A.D week = 7 years The prince of the people to come (i.e. Antichrist) makes a firm covenant with the many for one week, but puts a stop to sacrifice and offering halfway through the week (Dan 9:27). 69 weeks = 483 years 70 th week Prophecy of the Seventy Weeks – Dan 9:24-27

Daniel’s 70 th Week 3 ½ years = 1260 days “Beginning of birth pangs” (Matt 24:3-8). This is time of the breaking of the first 6 seals of Rev 6. “The Great Tribulation” (Matt 24:16-21; Dan 12:1). Outpouring of trumpet and bowl judgments of Rev 8-9, Antichrist given authority to act for a period of 42 months = 1260 days (Dan 7:24-25; Rev 13:3-7; 2 Thess 2:8-9). Abomination of Desolation (Matt 24:15; Dan 9:27) marks halfway point of 70 th week.

Purpose Statement for Daniel The book of Daniel provides a panoramic sweep of human history during Gentile domination from Daniel’s own day until the establishment of God's kingdom upon the earth. The book of Daniel provides a panoramic sweep of human history during Gentile domination from Daniel’s own day until the establishment of God's kingdom upon the earth.

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