CSI5171: Network Architecture, Services, protocol and standards Aspects of ISDN CSI5171: Network Architecture, Services, protocol and standards A presentation by: Razzaqul Haider

Introduction ISDN stands for Integrated services Digital network It provides end-to-end digital connectivity for voice and non-voice services ISDN provides all the services through a single interface Use out-of-band signaling Protocol used by ISDN is layered protocol

Fig.1: ISDN architecture USER USER Fig.1: ISDN architecture ISDN offers 8 main switching and functional capabilities

ISDN Capabilities Local Connection related function 64 kbps circuit switched capabilities 64 kbps circuit non-switched capabilities Packet switching capabilities Switched capabilities > 64kbps Non-Switched capabilities > 64kbps Frame mode functional entities CCS capabilities (SS7)

Channels and Access Interface Two types of channels D-channel (Data channel): usually carries signals @ 16 Kbps or 64 Kbps; also can carry packet data B-channel (Bearer channel): carry information for user services @ 64 Kbps Two access interfaces BRI (Basic Rate Interface): 2B + D (16 Kbps); intended for home use PRI (Primary Rate Interface):23B+D (64Kbps) in North America; 30B+D in Europe; intended for business use

ISDN Reference Configuration SS7 TE1: Terminal Equipment Type 1 TE2: Terminal Equipment Type 2 TA: Terminal Adapter NT1: Network Termination 1 NT2: Network Termination 2 LE: Local Exchange LT: Local Termination ET: Exchange Termination

ISDN Reference Configuration (cont’d) ISDN recommendation describes several functional device types as shown Each device talks to the neighbouring device(s), using certain communication protocol. Each of these device interfaces is called a reference point and denoted by R, S, T, U and V.

Signaling Protocol Two types of signaling protocols B-ch USER SS7 Other Net node SS7 ISDN Switch D-ch Voice, data B-ch Two types of signaling protocols user- network interface protocol: through D-channel; known as DSS1 (Digital subscriber System 1); defined in three layers and Networking (interswitch) protocol: CCS signaling by SS7, specifically ISDN User Part (ISUP) of SS7, defined in 7 layers

Protocol Architecture DSS1 protocol is defined in 3 layers SS7 protocol architecture TCAP ISUP Basic Suppl. Services Services Q.931 messages SCCP LAPD MTP I.430/I.431

D-channel protocol Used to establish, maintain and terminate network connections Provide procedures for invocation and operation of supplementary services

ISDN User Part ISUP is an upper layer application supported by SS7 ISUP provides the signaling functions required to support basic bearer services and supplementary services ISUP uses either SCCP, which in turn uses MTP, or it uses MTP directly for message transfer ISUP basic call control is divided into three parts: call set-up, the data/conversation phase and call clear down

ISDN User Part (cont’d) Two signaling methods: link-by-link, end-to-end ISUP Signaling Capabilities are of two class: Internationally applicable class and National use class ISUP end-to-end signaling Capability to transfer information of end point significance Typically used between all originating and terminating local exchanges

ISUP end-to-end signaling Used to request or to respond to requests for a basic call, to invoke a supplementary or to transfer user-to-user information transparently through the network Two methods of end-to-end signaling: SCCP method of end-to-end signaling and pass-along method of end-to-end signaling Pass-along signaling is done without requiring the service of SCCP. Pass-along method usually used when information to be transferred relates to an existing call for which a physical connection between the same two exchanges has been established

Basic Call Setup

Basic Call Release

Basic Call Setup/release User initiates call by Q.931 SETUP message on the D-channel Upon receiving the SETUP message OLE launch an ISUP IAM message to the Transit eXchange (TX), TXs generate IAM until it reaches Terminating local Exchange (TLE) IAM contains originating point code, destination point code, Circuit identification code, etc. Finally, the destination exchange sends a SETUP message to the called party on the Dchannel Called party terminal equipment generates an ALERTING message TLE then sends ISUP message ACM to the OLE through TX After called party answers the call, TE sends Q.931 CONNECT message on the D channel, which causes the TLE to send an ISUP message called ANM

Basic Call Setup/release (cont’d) ANM message at OLE generates CONNECT message to the calling party TE Connection is established between the end users through B-channels at the originating and terminating access interfaces and network trunks between the OLE and TLE. Call termination initiated my the message DISCONNECT from the terminal Equipment the OLE sends an ISUP release message (REL) to release the trunk circuit between the switches Upon receiving the REL, the destination switch disconnects the trunk from the called party's line, sets the trunk state to idle, and transmits an ISUP release complete message (RLC) to the originating switch to acknowledge the release of the remote end of the trunk circuit

Supplementary Services ISDN supplementary services offer capabilities to customers that can be dynamically controlled and accessed via their CPE. Some services have local significance and available from the local switch, e.g. conference call, call waiting, etc. While others have end to end significance and availability depend on the capability of the switch to communicate with other switches through ISUP, e.g. number identification, User to user signaling, etc. Users control the both type of services through signaling capabilities of the D-channel

Supplementary Services (cont’d) Category of supplementary services: Number identification services: DDI, MSN, CLIP, CLIR, COLP, COLR, MCID Call offering services: CT, TP, CFU, CFB, CFNR, CD, ECT, LH Call completion services: CW, HOLD, CCBS Multiparty: CONF, 3TPY Community of interest: CUG, PNP, MLPP Charging services: AOC, CRED, RC Additional transfer information services: UUS

Conclusion ISDN architecture and capabilities ISDN protocols Channels and Access Interface ISDN reference configuration ISUP signaling Message sequence flow for basic call set-up Supplementary services