Rev A Knowledge, what is it? A mobile communications case study Dr. Jan Uddenfeldt Chief Technology Officer Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden

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Rev A Knowledge, seen from a hi-tech company point of view What can be done? What does the end user want?

Rev A Scientific experts, a driver in technology, but … …. different specific expertise often drive the technology in different directions.

Rev A Scientific experts, a driver in technology, but … …..different specific expertise often drive the technology in different direction. However, cross discipline cooperation boosts the knowledge and the borderlines between disciplines hide a huge potential.

Rev A John C. Harsanyi (János) „The most important scientific results are born, if the researcher works in several disciplines, and transfers his knowledge and results to another - perhaps far away – discipline.”

Rev A Mobile telephony evolution Start of NMT Start of GSMStart of 3G 2G Voice & DataVoice 3G Multimedia & Internet 1G

Rev A No of Subscriptions (million) (Year -end) GSM & WCDMA – One True Family Mobile subscriptions by system standard Source: Ericsson Wireless Subscription Forecast 2003_2

Rev A GSM into 3G Content Communication Services Core Network Fixed & Mobile Telephony (~2B subscribers) Internet/Intranet (0.4B+ subscribers) Radio Network GSM/GPRS/EDGE Radio Network WCDMA/WCDMA-Evolved Dual Mode Terminals

Rev A WCDMA worldwide – 3G Here & Now September 2003 ~ # of subs * DoCoMo** 1000 k J-Phone** 84.3 k 3-Italy** 374 k 3-UK k 3-Australia** 69 k 3-Sweden** 11.6 k 3-Austria 10 k Mobilkom (Austria) ** 1 k Tango (Lux)** 1 k Total launched~1745 k * EMC Research + External Websites + Internal Ericsson ** Ericsson is supplier to these 7 of 9 operators who have launched NWs

Rev A What the End User wants Higher data rates Low cost Wideband

Rev A Technologies 1G2G3G AnalogGSMWCDMA Number of users per radio channel 18~100 Data rate for end user < 5 kb/s< 64 kb/s< 2 Mb/s

Rev A Driving the market through R&D WCDMA CDMA2000 EDGE GPRS WAP Bluetooth GSM 4G Leadership in Mobile Internet Leadership in mobile telephony

Rev A Optimised IP/3G Internet Knowledge Radio Knowledge Coding Knowlegde Non optimised IP Cellular voice Interdisciplinary thinking

Rev A Technology Challenges Radio propagation is extremely complex data rate limitation transmission errors Spectrum is a scarce resource spectrum efficiency and compression complex signal processing Users move over very large areas roaming and handoff

Rev A Mobile radio propagation is... Frequency dispersive Due to Doppler spread (~ 100 Hz) Rapid time variations and deep fades creating high Bit Error Rates (10 -1 ) Time dispersive Due to reflections giving time delay spread (~10  s) Limits data rates

Rev A Know-how evolution WhenKnowledgeImplications 70’ies Bit rate must be longer than delay spread ~25 kHz bandwidth 80’ies New innovative adaptive equalizers allow multiple bits within delay spread ~200 kHz bandwidth 90’ies High speed circuits allow wideband CDMA with Rake- receivers ~5 MHz bandwidth

Rev A Mobile Media - Evolution with new capabilities

Rev A Mobile Media services [kbps] Visual content [kbps] Audio content Sports Music News

Rev A Mobile Media services enabled by 2,5G and 3G [kbps] Visual content [kbps] Audio content 2,5G 3G

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