Wireless Solutions Team 1

Introduction

What is Satellite Satellite internet uses a satellite dish for two-way data communication. Satellite internet is a high speed internet solution that is available to people in rural areas. Two-way satellite internet uses IP multicasting meaning that up to 5,000 channels of communication can be instantaneously served by one satellite.

Advantages/Disadvantages of Satellite Available anywhere 5x-10x faster than Dial-Up No phone line required Can use your satellite TV dish for sending and receiving signals Signal effected by wind, rain, snow, line-of-sight High Latency Slower than DSL High Startup Cost High Monthly Cost Limited Download and Upload

How Satellite Internet Works

Compare Satellite Companies HughesNet Wildblue Skyway Starband Download 1.0 Mbps 768 Kbps Upload 128 Kbps 200 Kbps 56 Kbps Direction Two-way One-way Monthly $59.99 $69.95 $59.95 $69.99 Equipment $299.98 Lease Only $49.00 $299.99 Installation Included Free Self Additional Activation None $99.95 $25.00 Threshold 200 MB each day 12,000 MB p/m 7,500 MB p/m 1,600 MB every week

Wireless (Wi-Fi) 802.11 802.11a 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n

802.11 In 1997, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) created the first WLAN standard. 802.11 only supported a maximum network bandwidth of 2 Mbps Unregulated frequency of 2.4GHz Can have interference from home appliances too slow for most applications. For this reason, ordinary 802.11 wireless products are no longer manufactured.

802.11a 1999, IEEE created the 802.11a 802.11a supports bandwidth up to 54Mbps Regulated frequency of 5GHz Higher frequency = shorter range + difficult to penetrate through walls. More commonly used by business due to higher cost

802.11b Also created in 1999 (same time as 802.11a) Support bandwidth up to 11Mbps comparable to traditional Ethernet Unregulated radio frequency of 2.4GHz Good Signal range Can incur interference from Microwave ovens, cordless phones and other appliances Can be avoided by distancing appliances Commonly used for home network

802.11g 2003 – Newer WLAN standard called 802.11 emerged on the market. Combination of best of 802.11a and 802.11b Supports bandwidth up to 54Mbps and it uses 2.4Ghz frequency Fully backwards compatible with 802.11b hardware Summer 2003: dual-band/tri-mode supporting a/b/g in a single access point.

802.11n October 2009 – approved and published the 802.11n Main improvement: Addition of Multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) Increased data throughput Increased range by exploiting the spatial diversity through coding schemes. Frequencies used: 2.4GHz and 5GHz or Mixed Support bandwidth of 300Mbps The newest IEEE standard in the Wi-Fi category is 802.11n. It was designed to improve on 802.11g in the amount of bandwidth supported by utilizing multiple wireless signals and antennas (called MIMO technology) instead of one.

Range Comparison http://www.newertech.com/products/images/speed_range_chart.jpg

Advantages and Disadvantages Wi-Fi Increased efficiency Better coverage Flexibility Cost saving Hotspots Security Installation problems Coverage Transmission speeds

Wireless Diagram

802.16 (Wimax) Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Combines the high speed of a broadband connection with the convenience of mobile internet connectivity Provides performance similar to 802.11/Wi-Fi networks Provides broadband wireless access up to 50 km for fixed stations 5 - 15 km for mobile stations

Wimax Diagram

802.16 (Wimax) Advantages Disadvantages Single station can serve hundreds of users. Much faster deployment of new users Speed of 10Mbps at 10 km’s It is standardized (same frequency equipment) Less expensive when starting from scratch No SIM card required Supports targets up to 125/khr Line of sight needed Weather conditions Other wireless equipment Strong electrical support Costly Higher Latency Not widely accepted worldwide Handover and roaming hard to achieve

What is LTE? LTE is an acronym for Long Term Evolution LTE and WiMax combine to under the 4G umbrella LTE is an upgrade of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) which was developed in Europe. UMTS uses HSPA (High Speed Packet Access) and is considered 3G technology. HSPA and UMTS are sometimes used interchangeably and are networks that support both HSDPA and HSUPA. LTE uses CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) multiplexing that is based on mathematics rather than time slicing (used by TDMA) or frequency hopping

UMTS LTE System

Evolution of LTE http://4gwirelessjobs.com/articles/article-detail.php?Analysis-WiMax-&-LTE&Arid=MTA5&Auid=OTU=

LTE Advantages Disadvantages Small coverage area in US Applications perform better and faster Decreases the traffic in terms of sending data Allows more users to use the same frequency Separates frequencies into different channels in order to reduce interference Reduced latency Offers faster data rate transfer by using radio waves over the same bandwidth Supports more data capacity Low power consumption Supports handover and roaming Supports voice and Short Message Service (SMS) text messaging Allows providers to transition without rebuilding their entire networks Supports targets up to 350/kmh Small coverage area in US Requires a SIM card Expensive if there is no existing framework Needs additional antennas at network base stations

LTE vs. WiMax http://4gwirelessjobs.com/articles/article-detail.php?Analysis-WiMax-&-LTE&Arid=MTA5&Auid=OTU=

LTE vs WiMax http://4gwirelessjobs.com/articles/article-detail.php?Analysis-WiMax-&-LTE&Arid=MTA5&Auid=OTU=

LTE vs WiMax http://4gwirelessjobs.com/articles/article-detail.php?Analysis-WiMax-&-LTE&Arid=MTA5&Auid=OTU=

Where other connections not available IP Multicasting Primary Use Radio Technology Downstream Upstream Satellite Where other connections not available IP Multicasting Average Downstream/Upstream 225 MB per day Wireless 802.11a,b,g,n Mobile Internet OFDM/MIMO 300 (using 4x4 configuration in 20MHz bandwidth) or 600 (using 4x4 configuration in 40MHz bandwidth) Wimax Mobile Internet cf. 802.16e MIMO-SOFDMA 8 (in 20MHz bandwidth FDD) 56 (in 20MHz bandwidth FDD) LTE General 4G OFDMA/MIMO/SC-FDMA 100 Cat3 150 Cat4 300 Cat5 (in 20MHz FDD) 50 Cat3/4 75 Cat5 (in 20 MHz FDD)

Futures Satellite WiFi WiMax LTE Companies are launching new satellites to handle more users and give faster speeds WiFi In the future we may see a 802.11ac and/or 802.11ad. 802.11ac (theoretically) will support speeds from 600 Mbps to 1Gbps. It will utilize <6 GHz frequencies. 802.11ad (theoretically) will support speeds up to 2.5Gbps. It will utilize the 60 GHz frequency band There is no definite documentation on how far the future standards could reach WiMax WiMax has an uncertain future. With Sprint looking to LTE for their future 4G+ data offerings, no major cellular carrier in the US will be using WiMax. Europe and Asia already favor LTE. Private companies generating their own wireless networks are the most likely to keep WiMax viable. LTE LTE coverage is expanding quickly Sprint is transitioning from WiMax to LTE LTE-Advanced networks about two years away Sprint, Verizon, and AT&T have all announced LTE-Advanced as the next generation Advanced speeds can reach 1-gigabyte per second

Personal 802.11n Clearly the best choice for a personal environment based on our criteria Having wireless is basically just the price of the hardware on top of the already in place internet cost. Linksys E4200 - $160 Provides high range for house/home Enough speed for family requirements Easy installation

Small Business 802.11n Same thing as the personal setup. For a small business the only wireless capability they will need will come in the form of providing wireless access to their primary internet connection. Anything else is over kill and most likely out of budget for a small business. Linksys E4200 - $160 Provides high range for house/home Enough speed for family requirements Easy installation

Conclusion

Bibliography http://mail.baskent.edu.tr/~20394676/0401/bil431/hw/burak-usgurlu-lastHW-wifiVSwimax.pdf http://www.wimax.com/general/what-is-wimax http://rswcyyw.blogspot.com/2007/06/wimax-disadvantages.html http://www.mobileburn.com/definition.jsp?term=CDMA http://www.mobileburn.com/definition.jsp?term=HSUPA http://www.mobileburn.com/definition.jsp?term=UMTS http://www.mobileburn.com/definition.jsp?term=LTE http://4gwirelessjobs.com/articles/article-detail.php?Analysis-WiMax-&-LTE&Arid=MTA5&Auid=OTU= http://its413-givemea.blogspot.com/2011/02/advantages-disadvantages-of-lte.html http://www.althos.com/tutorial/UMTS-LTE-tutorial-system-network.html http://cellphones.about.com/od/cell_phone_glossary/g/umts.htm

Bibliography Cont. http://compnetworking.about.com/cs/wireless80211/a/aa80211standard.htm http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?itemId=1074299512&type=RESOURCES http://www.certmag.com/read.php?in=2920 http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/8/802_11n.html http://www.howstuffworks.com/question606.htm http://www.panetworks.net/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-satellite-internet.html http://www.high-speed-internet-access-guide.com/satellite/compare-satellite-internet.html