Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation Do Now: List 3 things you have learned about how DNA determines body’s features in your project.

Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation Tuesday, May 15 th Test on Genetics How DNA determines body’s features Goals 1.Understand the overall structure and function of DNA 2. Learn the events of DNA replication 3. Understand how RNA differs from DNA Learn the structure and function of mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA 4. Understand the process of protein synthesis: Learn the steps of transcription and translation Understand how to use the genetic code to translate a DNA sequence of nucleotides into an amino-acid chain. 5. Learn what genes are and how genes determine organisms' characteristics. Vocabulary DNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases, guanine, cytosine, adenine, thymine, uracil, RNA, mRNA, rRNA, tRNA, transcription, translation, codon, anticodon, amino-acids, polypeptide, and genes.

1. Transcribe the DNA sequence into mRNA DNA: TAC CCG GAT CGC ATT TAC CAT GCA ATC TAC CTA CCG ATC mRNA 2. Translate the mRNA into a polypeptide or protein AUG GGC CUA GCG UAA AUG GUA CGU UAG AUG GAU GGC UAG Met Gly Leu Ala Stop Met Val Arg Stop Met Asp Gly Stop Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation

4. Write the sequence of amino acids in each polypeptide or proteins.  Protein # 1:  Protein # 2:  Protein # 3: Met Gly Leu Ala Stop Met Val Arg Stop Met Asp Gly Stop 3. How many proteins does the DNA sequence above codify for? _________________ Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation

DNA: TAC CCG GAT CGC ATT TAC CAT GCA ATC TAC CTA CCG ATC 5. How many genes does the initial DNA segment contain? _____________ 6. Write the sequence of nitrogen bases in Gene # 1 Gene # 2 Gene # 3 7. Explain how DNA, genes, and proteins are related to each other. TAC CCG GAT CGC ATT TAC CAT GCA ATC TAC CTA CCG ATC Genes are made of DNA, and genes contains the information to make proteins and determine a trait Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation

To send messages (hormones) To fight off disease (antibodies) To transport other molecules (hemoglobin) To run the chemical reactions in our bodies (enzymes) To build up hair, skin, muscles, organs, bones,… 8. What are the functions of proteins? Objective: Understand What a Gene Is Key Words: gene, polypeptide, Transcription, Translation

Finish the “From DNA to Body’s Traits” project. (20 minutes) Check chart on handout #3 to know what traits are expressed by the proteins Draw and paint those found traits on the face displaced on your poster Make a flowing chart that explains how DNA sequences of nitrogen bases determine traits in organism’s body. Your flowing chart must include the following concepts and terms: DNA sequenceBody’s traits Proteins shapemRNA Protein functionTranslation Sequence of amino-acidsTranscription Determines Objective: Understand How Genes Work on Protein Synthesis Key Words: transcription, translation, traits, features, characteristics, genes, polypeptide

Objective: Understand What Is a Gene Key Words: transcription, translation, traits, features, characteristics, genes, polypeptide Do Now: List 4 things you learned about protein synthesis Each pair of students, write down 1 or 2 notes on legal size paper