ACADEMIC WRITING Made by Matukhin D.L. Associate Prof. EEI TPU TOMSK POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
CONTENTS SUMMARY ABSTRACT ANNOTATION
WHAT’S S WHAT’S SUMMARY? Pick out the key issues in a written paper; Link the ideas up in your own text.
SUMMARY IN NUMBERS 1/3 of the original paper; Reduced quantity of sentences; Information compressed (e.g. cut out useless information, reduce a sentence to phrase, use subordinate clauses, link ideas by comma)
SUMMARY TECHNIQUES Skim the original text; Identify the key ideas when reading; Take notes of the ideas; Make up sentences out of the notes; Start summary with general message; Link the sentences into text; Re-read the text to check it out.
ABSTRACT PROPERTIES Brief, gives chief points only; 3-10 times less than original; Requires: 1. Laconic language style; 2. Specific terminology; 3. No data, tables, numbers.
WHAT TO START WITH? Read the text; Divide it into several tense parts; Point out the main ideas in each; Enumerate problems discussed, author’s assumptions and conclusions.
WRITING AN ABSTRACT Point out: Headline; Author’s full name; Main idea; Peculiarities; Key words; Conclusion; Recommendations for those who may be interested.
ANNOTATION Adds notes to the text; Explains difficulties; Gives opinions and comments; is a new version of text where special constructions and various connectives are used
TO WRITE AN ANNOTATION Read text at least twice; Underline some facts, details; Determine solutions of main objectives; Find necessary section, sentence; Choose data concerning definite issue; Add it to the facts you know; Analyze facts of other similar articles.
STEPS BY STEP Read, underline, highlight, comment; Formulate the thesis statement; Reread a selection, divide into sections; Summarize each section; Write first draft of annotation; Check it against original for accuracy; Link sections with transitional words or phrases.
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THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION