Serge Melle VP, Technical Marketing Infinera smelle@infinera.com Photonic Integration: A Key Enabler for Reconfigurable Digital Optical Networks Serge Melle VP, Technical Marketing Infinera smelle@infinera.com

ROADM Benefits Any wavelength at any node Simplify engineering and deployment compared to fixed OADM Remote provisioning and reconfiguration Eliminate truck rolls to intermediate sites Reduce cost through OEO elimination – end-end wavelength networking The underlying premise: less electronics + more optics = lower cost But…

Wavelength Blocking in ROADM Networks Allocate bandwidth on ROADM ring using available l’s Extending ROADM consumes l’s end-end across network… Blocking consumes extra l’s or requires OEO for l conversion… ..or creates stranded bandwidth and faster capacity exhaust This does not scale with…. Protection; Hundreds of demands; Larger networks; Nodal connectivity Note that animations 13 and after are just automated 32-40 l WDM

Sub-Wavelength Traffic in ROADM Networks Typically many sub-l end-end demands: GbE or OC-48/STM-16 Use “Muxponders” to aggregate 8-10 x 1G or 4 x 2.5G per wavelength Creates many point-point connections and complex planning New demands either strand bandwidth, or consume extra wavelengths Different muxponders for 1G and 2.5G compound complexity Option 1: New end-end l and muxponders Inefficient wavelength fill Stranded capacity & faster capacity exhaust Note that animations 13 and after are just automated New A-Z demand Option 2: Use existing l’s and muxponders Added cost from extra interfaces Manual inter-connects at back-back sites require truck rolls and extra OpEx 8 x 1G 2.5G 4 x 2.5G 1G 1G

Lets Step Back: Benefits of Electronics in Optical Networks Reconfigurable Switching Wide choice of switching/grooming granularity (VC-4, ODU-1, packet) Fundamental to managing and grooming customer services Highest level of reconfigurability Cost per chip: 10’s to 100’s of € Dispersion Compensation FFE and DFE can compensate upwards of 1000ps/nm MLSE can correct upwards of 3000ps/nm dispersion Significant space savings vs. DCF Cost per device: 10’s of € Reach Improvement G.709 standard defines 6dB gain FEC (Reed-Solomon) High-gain FEC provides optical gain of 8dB to 9dB Corrects BER of 10-3 to BER of 10-17 Cost per chip: 10’s to 100’s of € PM and Operations OTH and SONET/SDH Overhead Extensive digital PM at all OEO nodes J0/B1, BIP-8 FEC bit error rate monitoring Communication channels for OAM&P SONET/SDH DCC and OTH TCM

Relative Costs of OEO – The “O” vs. the “E” Accessing the Data Manipulating the Data High cost of OEO conversion compared to the cost for manipulating the data Implementing feature-rich network & service functionality incurs a cost premium Silicon cost is not the problem… …it is the conversion cost from Optical to Electronic Relative Costs per 10G

Why are OEO’s Expensive? Discrete Optics 100 Gb/s Transmit 100 Gb/s Receive

Infinera’s Photonic Integrated Circuit Innovation 100 Gb/s Transmit 100Gb/s Transmit 100Gb/s Receive 5mm DIRECT BENEFITS: Reduce size, power, cost and improve reliability STRATEGIC BENEFITS: Low-cost OEO conversion re-enables digital networking Result: Lower CapEx, lower OpEx, more flexible reconfigurable optical network 100 Gb/s Receive

Photonic Integration Enables a “Digital” ROADM Use (analog) photonics for what it does best: transmission Use (digital) electronics for everything else – more functionality / lower cost Consistent with other network elements: SONET/SDH, switches, routers … Integrated Photonics Digital Electronics & Software Integrated Photonics Signal regeneration Error correction Performance monitoring Sub-l add/drop Sub-l Grooming & switching Multi-Service Multiplexing Protection optical (analog) electrical (digital) optical (analog)

Infinera DTN: First PIC-based Digital ROADM 100G per line card Digital ROADM WDM system Distributed electronic OTU1 switch fabric SONET/SDH, Wave and Ethernet-based add/drop End-end GMPLS control plane Broadly deployed since 2004

Reconfigurable “Digital” Add/Drop Switched WDM with sub-l grooming at all nodes Removes wavelength blocking constraints – any point to any point Maximizes WDM capacity on every link - no stranded bandwidth “Switched WDM” eliminates back-to-back transponder connections “Mix and match” of 1G, 2.5G, 10G and 40G services on any wavelength Scales with network capacity, number of nodes, network size/distance N x 100G WDM N x 100G WDM N x 100G WDM N x 100G WDM

Digital ROADM Service Provisioning & Engineering Full Digital OAM&P at each Digital Node Optical link and impairments management isolated between nodes Optical service layer independent of optical transmission layer Eliminates all constraints on end-end service path Enhance access to PM and OAM&P data at all nodes Simplify network planning, system engineering and service turn-up “4R” OEO-based management Digital Node Digital Node Digital Link Optical link management isolated between nodes A – Z Service Demand Digital Node Digital Node Digital Node

GMPLS-Enabled Networking at Every Node UNI signaling for IP-optical inter-networking GMPLS restoration capability in the transport layer with sub-l circuit granularity UNI Fiber Cut GMPLS auto- discovery of circuit & physical topology of network & services GMPLS-enabled end-end auto- provisioning between all nodes

Architecture Impacts of Digital ROADMs Unconstrained reconfigurability at every node Sub-l granularity for grooming, switching and add/drop Consolidate DWDM transport & switching in core Topology/distance-independent service activation Support linear, ring and mesh topologies Integrated sub-l protection & restoration End-end GMPLS control plane enables service automation Extensive digital PMs and diagnostics Robust digital protection

Integration: Heart of a New Strategy 100 Gb/s Transmit OTH & Packet-Centrism O-E-O: Manage Digital Bits PMs, Protect, Switch, Reconfigure Space, Power, Cost, Reliability, Scale Device Elimination Ethernet- GigE, 10G, 100G; GMPLS 100 Gb/s Receive

Thank You